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XMLSerializer.javaAPI DocApache Xerces 3.0.161539Fri Sep 14 20:33:56 BST 2007org.apache.xml.serialize

XMLSerializer

public class XMLSerializer extends BaseMarkupSerializer
Implements an XML serializer supporting both DOM and SAX pretty serializing. For usage instructions see {@link Serializer}.

If an output stream is used, the encoding is taken from the output format (defaults to UTF-8). If a writer is used, make sure the writer uses the same encoding (if applies) as specified in the output format.

The serializer supports both DOM and SAX. SAX serializing is done by firing SAX events and using the serializer as a document handler. DOM serializing is done by calling {@link #serialize(Document)} or by using DOM Level 3 {@link org.w3c.dom.ls.LSSerializer} and serializing with {@link org.w3c.dom.ls.LSSerializer#write}, {@link org.w3c.dom.ls.LSSerializer#writeToString}.

If an I/O exception occurs while serializing, the serializer will not throw an exception directly, but only throw it at the end of serializing (either DOM or SAX's {@link org.xml.sax.DocumentHandler#endDocument}.

For elements that are not specified as whitespace preserving, the serializer will potentially break long text lines at space boundaries, indent lines, and serialize elements on separate lines. Line terminators will be regarded as spaces, and spaces at beginning of line will be stripped.

deprecated
This class was deprecated in Xerces 2.9.0. It is recommended that new applications use the DOM Level 3 LSSerializer or JAXP's Transformation API for XML (TrAX) for serializing XML. See the Xerces documentation for more information.
author
Assaf Arkin
author
Rahul Srivastava
author
Elena Litani IBM
version
$Revision: 476047 $ $Date: 2006-11-16 23:27:45 -0500 (Thu, 16 Nov 2006) $
see
Serializer

Fields Summary
protected static final boolean
DEBUG
protected org.apache.xerces.util.NamespaceSupport
fNSBinder
stores namespaces in scope
protected org.apache.xerces.util.NamespaceSupport
fLocalNSBinder
stores all namespace bindings on the current element
protected org.apache.xerces.util.SymbolTable
fSymbolTable
symbol table for serialization
protected static final String
PREFIX
protected boolean
fNamespaces
Controls whether namespace fixup should be performed during the serialization. NOTE: if this field is set to true the following fields need to be initialized: fNSBinder, fLocalNSBinder, fSymbolTable, XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, fXmlSymbol, fXmlnsSymbol
protected boolean
fNamespacePrefixes
Controls whether namespace prefixes will be printed out during serialization
private boolean
fPreserveSpace
Constructors Summary
public XMLSerializer()
Constructs a new serializer. The serializer cannot be used without calling {@link #setOutputCharStream} or {@link #setOutputByteStream} first.



                          
      
        super( new OutputFormat( Method.XML, null, false ) );
public XMLSerializer(OutputFormat format)
Constructs a new serializer. The serializer cannot be used without calling {@link #setOutputCharStream} or {@link #setOutputByteStream} first.

        super( format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.XML, null, false ) );
        _format.setMethod( Method.XML );
public XMLSerializer(Writer writer, OutputFormat format)
Constructs a new serializer that writes to the specified writer using the specified output format. If format is null, will use a default output format.

param
writer The writer to use
param
format The output format to use, null for the default

        super( format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.XML, null, false ) );
        _format.setMethod( Method.XML );
        setOutputCharStream( writer );
public XMLSerializer(OutputStream output, OutputFormat format)
Constructs a new serializer that writes to the specified output stream using the specified output format. If format is null, will use a default output format.

param
output The output stream to use
param
format The output format to use, null for the default

        super( format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.XML, null, false ) );
        _format.setMethod( Method.XML );
        setOutputByteStream( output );
Methods Summary
protected voidcheckUnboundNamespacePrefixedNode(org.w3c.dom.Node node)
DOM Level 3: Check a node to determine if it contains unbound namespace prefixes.

param
node The node to check for unbound namespace prefices


		if (fNamespaces) {

   			if (DEBUG) {
			    System.out.println("==>serializeNode("+node.getNodeName()+") [Entity Reference - Namespaces on]");
				System.out.println("==>Declared Prefix Count: " + fNSBinder.getDeclaredPrefixCount());
				System.out.println("==>Node Name: " + node.getNodeName());
				System.out.println("==>First Child Node Name: " + node.getFirstChild().getNodeName());
				System.out.println("==>First Child Node Prefix: " + node.getFirstChild().getPrefix());
				System.out.println("==>First Child Node NamespaceURI: " + node.getFirstChild().getNamespaceURI());			
			}

		
			Node child, next;
	        for (child = node.getFirstChild(); child != null; child = next) {
	            next = child.getNextSibling();
			    if (DEBUG) {
			        System.out.println("==>serializeNode("+child.getNodeName()+") [Child Node]");
			        System.out.println("==>serializeNode("+child.getPrefix()+") [Child Node Prefix]");
	            }    
	
		 	    //If a NamespaceURI is not declared for the current
		 	    //node's prefix, raise a fatal error.
		 	    String prefix = child.getPrefix();
                prefix = (prefix == null || 
                        prefix.length() == 0) ? XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING : fSymbolTable.addSymbol(prefix);
		 	    if (fNSBinder.getURI(prefix) == null && prefix != null) {
					fatalError("The replacement text of the entity node '" 
								+ node.getNodeName()  
								+ "' contains an element node '" 
								+ child.getNodeName() 
								+ "' with an undeclared prefix '" 
								+ prefix + "'.");
		 	    }	

				if (child.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
					
					NamedNodeMap attrs = child.getAttributes();
					
					for (int i = 0; i< attrs.getLength(); i++ ) {
						
				 	    String attrPrefix = attrs.item(i).getPrefix();
                        attrPrefix = (attrPrefix == null || 
                                attrPrefix.length() == 0) ? XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING : fSymbolTable.addSymbol(attrPrefix);
				 	    if (fNSBinder.getURI(attrPrefix) == null && attrPrefix != null) {
							fatalError("The replacement text of the entity node '" 
										+ node.getNodeName()  
										+ "' contains an element node '" 
										+ child.getNodeName() 
										+ "' with an attribute '" 
										+ attrs.item(i).getNodeName() 										
										+ "' an undeclared prefix '" 
										+ attrPrefix + "'.");
				 	    }	
						
					}	

				}
					
				if (child.hasChildNodes()) {
					checkUnboundNamespacePrefixedNode(child);
				}	
	        }
		}
public voidendElement(java.lang.String tagName)

        endElement( null, null, tagName );
public voidendElement(java.lang.String namespaceURI, java.lang.String localName, java.lang.String rawName)

        try {
            endElementIO( namespaceURI, localName, rawName );
        } catch (IOException except) {
            throw new SAXException( except );
        }
public voidendElementIO(java.lang.String namespaceURI, java.lang.String localName, java.lang.String rawName)

        ElementState state;
        if (DEBUG) {
            System.out.println("==>endElement: " +rawName);
        }
        // Works much like content() with additions for closing
        // an element. Note the different checks for the closed
        // element's state and the parent element's state.
        _printer.unindent();
        state = getElementState();
        if (state.empty) {
            _printer.printText( "/>" );
        } else {
            // Must leave CData section first
            if (state.inCData)
                _printer.printText( "]]>" );
            // This element is not empty and that last content was
            // another element, so print a line break before that
            // last element and this element's closing tag.
            if (_indenting && ! state.preserveSpace && (state.afterElement || state.afterComment))
                _printer.breakLine();
            _printer.printText( "</" );
            _printer.printText( state.rawName );
            _printer.printText( '>" );
        }
        // Leave the element state and update that of the parent
        // (if we're not root) to not empty and after element.
        state = leaveElementState();
        state.afterElement = true;
        state.afterComment = false;
        state.empty = false;
        if (isDocumentState())
            _printer.flush();
private org.xml.sax.AttributesextractNamespaces(org.xml.sax.Attributes attrs)
Retrieve and remove the namespaces declarations from the list of attributes.

        AttributesImpl attrsOnly;
        String         rawName;
        int            i;
        int            length;

        if (attrs == null) {
            return null;
        }
        length = attrs.getLength();
        attrsOnly = new AttributesImpl( attrs );

        for (i = length - 1 ; i >= 0 ; --i) {
            rawName = attrsOnly.getQName( i );

            //We have to exclude the namespaces declarations from the attributes
            //Append only when the feature http://xml.org/sax/features/namespace-prefixes"
            //is TRUE
            if (rawName.startsWith( "xmlns" )) {
                if (rawName.length() == 5) {
                    startPrefixMapping( "", attrs.getValue( i ) );
                    attrsOnly.removeAttribute( i );
                } else if (rawName.charAt(5) == ':") {
                    startPrefixMapping(rawName.substring(6), attrs.getValue(i));
                    attrsOnly.removeAttribute( i );
                }
            }
        }
        return attrsOnly;
protected java.lang.StringgetEntityRef(int ch)

        // Encode special XML characters into the equivalent character references.
        // These five are defined by default for all XML documents.
        switch (ch) {
        case '<":
            return "lt";
        case '>":
            return "gt";
        case '"":
            return "quot";
        case '\'":
            return "apos";
        case '&":
            return "amp";
        }
        return null;
private voidprintAttribute(java.lang.String name, java.lang.String value, boolean isSpecified, org.w3c.dom.Attr attr)
Prints attribute. NOTE: xml:space attribute modifies output format

param
name
param
value
param
isSpecified
exception
IOException


        if (isSpecified || (features & DOMSerializerImpl.DISCARDDEFAULT) == 0) {
            if (fDOMFilter !=null && 
                (fDOMFilter.getWhatToShow() & NodeFilter.SHOW_ATTRIBUTE)!= 0) {
                short code = fDOMFilter.acceptNode(attr);
                switch (code) {
                    case NodeFilter.FILTER_REJECT:
                    case NodeFilter.FILTER_SKIP: { 
                        return;
                    }
                    default: {
                        // fall through
                    }
                }
            }
            _printer.printSpace();
            _printer.printText( name );
            _printer.printText( "=\"" );
            printEscaped( value );
            _printer.printText( '"" );
        }

        // If the attribute xml:space exists, determine whether
        // to preserve spaces in this and child nodes based on
        // its value.
        if (name.equals( "xml:space" )) {
            if (value.equals( "preserve" ))
                fPreserveSpace = true;
            else
                fPreserveSpace = _format.getPreserveSpace();
        }
protected voidprintEscaped(java.lang.String source)

        int length = source.length();
        for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
            int ch = source.charAt(i);
            if (!XMLChar.isValid(ch)) {
                if (++i < length) {
                    surrogates(ch, source.charAt(i), false);
                } else {
                    fatalError("The character '" + (char) ch + "' is an invalid XML character");
                }
                continue;
            }
            // escape NL, CR, TAB
            if (ch == '\n" || ch == '\r" || ch == '\t") {
                printHex(ch);
            } else if (ch == '<") {
                _printer.printText("<");
            } else if (ch == '&") {
                _printer.printText("&");
            } else if (ch == '"") {
                _printer.printText(""");
            } else if ((ch >= ' " && _encodingInfo.isPrintable((char) ch))) {
                _printer.printText((char) ch);
            } else {
                printHex(ch);
            }
        }
private voidprintNamespaceAttr(java.lang.String prefix, java.lang.String uri)
Serializes a namespace attribute with the given prefix and value for URI. In case prefix is empty will serialize default namespace declaration.

param
prefix
param
uri
exception
IOException

        _printer.printSpace();
        if (prefix == XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING) {
            if (DEBUG) {
                System.out.println("=>add xmlns=\""+uri+"\" declaration");
            }
            _printer.printText( XMLSymbols.PREFIX_XMLNS );
        } else {
            if (DEBUG) {
                System.out.println("=>add xmlns:"+prefix+"=\""+uri+"\" declaration");
            }
            _printer.printText( "xmlns:"+prefix );
        }
        _printer.printText( "=\"" );
        printEscaped( uri );
        _printer.printText( '"" );
protected voidprintText(java.lang.String text, boolean preserveSpace, boolean unescaped)

        int index;
        char ch;
        int length = text.length();
        if ( preserveSpace ) {
            // Preserving spaces: the text must print exactly as it is,
            // without breaking when spaces appear in the text and without
            // consolidating spaces. If a line terminator is used, a line
            // break will occur.
            for ( index = 0 ; index < length ; ++index ) {
                ch = text.charAt( index );
                if (!XMLChar.isValid(ch)) {
                    // check if it is surrogate
                    if (++index <length) {
                        surrogates(ch, text.charAt(index), true);
                    } else {
                        fatalError("The character '"+ch+"' is an invalid XML character"); 
                    }
                    continue;
                }
                if ( unescaped ) {
                    _printer.printText( ch );
                } else
                    printXMLChar( ch );
            }
        } else {
            // Not preserving spaces: print one part at a time, and
            // use spaces between parts to break them into different
            // lines. Spaces at beginning of line will be stripped
            // by printing mechanism. Line terminator is treated
            // no different than other text part.
            for ( index = 0 ; index < length ; ++index ) {
                ch = text.charAt( index );
                if (!XMLChar.isValid(ch)) {
                    // check if it is surrogate
                    if (++index <length) {
                        surrogates(ch, text.charAt(index), true);
                    } else {
                        fatalError("The character '"+ch+"' is an invalid XML character"); 
                    }
                    continue;
                }

				if ( unescaped )
                    _printer.printText( ch );
                else
                    printXMLChar( ch);
            }
        }
protected voidprintText(char[] chars, int start, int length, boolean preserveSpace, boolean unescaped)


        if ( preserveSpace ) {
            // Preserving spaces: the text must print exactly as it is,
            // without breaking when spaces appear in the text and without
            // consolidating spaces. If a line terminator is used, a line
            // break will occur.
            while ( length-- > 0 ) {
                char ch = chars[start++];
                if (!XMLChar.isValid(ch)) {
                    // check if it is surrogate
                    if ( length-- > 0 ) {
                        surrogates(ch, chars[start++], true);
                    } 
                    else {
                        fatalError("The character '"+ch+"' is an invalid XML character"); 
                    }
                    continue;
                }
                if ( unescaped ) {
                    _printer.printText( ch );
                } 
                else {
                    printXMLChar( ch );
                }
            }
        } else {
            // Not preserving spaces: print one part at a time, and
            // use spaces between parts to break them into different
            // lines. Spaces at beginning of line will be stripped
            // by printing mechanism. Line terminator is treated
            // no different than other text part.
            while ( length-- > 0 ) {
                char ch = chars[start++];
                if (!XMLChar.isValid(ch)) {
                    // check if it is surrogate
                    if ( length-- > 0 ) {
                        surrogates(ch, chars[start++], true);
                    } 
                    else {
                        fatalError("The character '"+ch+"' is an invalid XML character"); 
                    }
                    continue;
                }
                if ( unescaped ) {
                    _printer.printText( ch );
                } 
                else {
                    printXMLChar( ch );
                }
            }
        }
protected voidprintXMLChar(int ch)
print text data

    	if (ch == '\r") {
			printHex(ch);
    	} else if ( ch == '<") {
            _printer.printText("<");
        } else if (ch == '&") {
            _printer.printText("&");
        } else if (ch == '>"){
        	// character sequence "]]>" can't appear in content, therefore
        	// we should escape '>' 
			_printer.printText(">");        	
        } else if ( ch == '\n" ||  ch == '\t" ||
                    ( ch >= ' " && _encodingInfo.isPrintable((char)ch))) {
            _printer.printText((char)ch);
        } else {
			printHex(ch);
        }
public booleanreset()

        super.reset();
        if (fNSBinder != null){
            fNSBinder.reset();
            // during serialization always have a mapping to empty string
            // so we assume there is a declaration.
            fNSBinder.declarePrefix(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);
        }
        return true;
protected voidserializeElement(org.w3c.dom.Element elem)
Called to serialize a DOM element. Equivalent to calling {@link #startElement}, {@link #endElement} and serializing everything inbetween, but better optimized.

        Attr         attr;
        NamedNodeMap attrMap;
        int          i;
        Node         child;
        ElementState state;
        String       name;
        String       value;
        String       tagName;

        String prefix, localUri;
        String uri;
        if (fNamespaces) {
            // local binder stores namespace declaration
            // that has been printed out during namespace fixup of
            // the current element
            fLocalNSBinder.reset();

            // add new namespace context        
            fNSBinder.pushContext();
        }

        if (DEBUG) {
            System.out.println("==>startElement: " +elem.getNodeName() +" ns="+elem.getNamespaceURI());
        }
        tagName = elem.getTagName();
        state = getElementState();
        if (isDocumentState()) {
            // If this is the root element handle it differently.
            // If the first root element in the document, serialize
            // the document's DOCTYPE. Space preserving defaults
            // to that of the output format.

            if (! _started) {
                startDocument( tagName);
            }
        } else {
            // For any other element, if first in parent, then
            // close parent's opening tag and use the parent's
            // space preserving.
            if (state.empty)
                _printer.printText( '>" );
            // Must leave CData section first
            if (state.inCData) {
                _printer.printText( "]]>" );
                state.inCData = false;
            }
            // Indent this element on a new line if the first
            // content of the parent element or immediately
            // following an element.
            if (_indenting && ! state.preserveSpace &&
                ( state.empty || state.afterElement || state.afterComment))
                _printer.breakLine();
        }

        // Do not change the current element state yet.
        // This only happens in endElement().
        fPreserveSpace = state.preserveSpace;


        int length = 0;
        attrMap = null;
        // retrieve attributes 
        if (elem.hasAttributes()) {
            attrMap = elem.getAttributes();
            length = attrMap.getLength();
        }

        if (!fNamespaces) { // no namespace fixup should be performed                    

            // serialize element name
            _printer.printText( '<" );
            _printer.printText( tagName );
            _printer.indent();

            // For each attribute print it's name and value as one part,
            // separated with a space so the element can be broken on
            // multiple lines.
            for ( i = 0 ; i < length ; ++i ) {
                attr = (Attr) attrMap.item( i );
                name = attr.getName();
                value = attr.getValue();
                if ( value == null )
                    value = "";
                printAttribute (name, value, attr.getSpecified(), attr);
            }
        } else { // do namespace fixup

            // REVISIT: some optimization could probably be done to avoid traversing 
            //          attributes twice.
            //

            // ---------------------------------------
            // record all valid namespace declarations
            // before attempting to fix element's namespace
            // ---------------------------------------

            for (i = 0;i < length;i++) {

                attr = (Attr) attrMap.item( i );
                uri = attr.getNamespaceURI();
                // check if attribute is a namespace decl 
                if (uri != null && uri.equals(NamespaceContext.XMLNS_URI)) {

                    value = attr.getNodeValue();
                    if (value == null) {
                        value=XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING;
                    }

                    if (value.equals(NamespaceContext.XMLNS_URI)) {
                        if (fDOMErrorHandler != null) {
                            String msg = DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(
                                DOMMessageFormatter.XML_DOMAIN,"CantBindXMLNS",null );
                            modifyDOMError(msg,  DOMError.SEVERITY_ERROR, null, attr);
                            boolean continueProcess = fDOMErrorHandler.handleError(fDOMError);
                            if (!continueProcess) {
                                // stop the namespace fixup and validation
            	                throw new RuntimeException( 
            	                    DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(
            	                    DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN,
            	                    "SerializationStopped", null));
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        prefix = attr.getPrefix();
                        prefix = (prefix == null || 
                                  prefix.length() == 0) ? XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING :fSymbolTable.addSymbol(prefix);
                        String localpart = fSymbolTable.addSymbol( attr.getLocalName());
                        if (prefix == XMLSymbols.PREFIX_XMLNS) { //xmlns:prefix
                            value = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(value);
                            // record valid decl
                            if (value.length() != 0) {
                                fNSBinder.declarePrefix(localpart, value);
                            } else {
                                // REVISIT: issue error on invalid declarations
                                //          xmlns:foo = ""
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                        // xmlns --- empty prefix is always bound ("" or some string)
                        value = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(value);
                        fNSBinder.declarePrefix(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, value);
                        continue;
                    }  // end-else: valid declaration
                } // end-if: namespace declaration 
            }  // end-for

            //-----------------------
            // get element uri/prefix
            //-----------------------
            uri = elem.getNamespaceURI();            
            prefix = elem.getPrefix();

            //----------------------
            // output element name
            //----------------------
            // REVISIT: this could be removed if we always convert empty string to null
            //          for the namespaces.
            if ((uri !=null && prefix !=null ) && uri.length() == 0 && prefix.length()!=0) {
                // uri is an empty string and element has some prefix
                // the namespace alg later will fix up the namespace attributes
                // remove element prefix 
                prefix = null; 
                _printer.printText( '<" );
                _printer.printText( elem.getLocalName() );
                _printer.indent();
            } else {
                _printer.printText( '<" );
                _printer.printText( tagName );
                _printer.indent();
            }


            // ---------------------------------------------------------
            // Fix up namespaces for element: per DOM L3 
            // Need to consider the following cases:
            //
            // case 1: <foo:elem xmlns:ns1="myURI" xmlns="default"/> 
            // Assume "foo", "ns1" are declared on the parent. We should not miss 
            // redeclaration for both "ns1" and default namespace. To solve this 
            // we add a local binder that stores declaration only for current element.
            // This way we avoid outputing duplicate declarations for the same element
            // as well as we are not omitting redeclarations.
            //
            // case 2: <elem xmlns="" xmlns="default"/> 
            // We need to bind default namespace to empty string, to be able to 
            // omit duplicate declarations for the same element
            //
            // case 3: <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://xsl">
            // We create another element body bound to the "http://xsl" namespace
            // as well as namespace attribute rebounding xsl to another namespace.
            // <xsl:body xmlns:xsl="http://another">
            // Need to make sure that the new namespace decl value is changed to 
            // "http://xsl"
            //
            // ---------------------------------------------------------
            // check if prefix/namespace is correct for current element
            // ---------------------------------------------------------


            if (uri != null) {  // Element has a namespace
                uri = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(uri);
                prefix = (prefix == null || 
                          prefix.length() == 0) ? XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING :fSymbolTable.addSymbol(prefix);
                if (fNSBinder.getURI(prefix) == uri) {
                    // The xmlns:prefix=namespace or xmlns="default" was declared at parent.
                    // The binder always stores mapping of empty prefix to "".
                    // (NOTE: local binder does not store this kind of binding!)
                    // Thus the case where element was declared with uri="" (with or without a prefix)
                    // will be covered here.

                } else {
                    // the prefix is either undeclared 
                    // or
                    // conflict: the prefix is bound to another URI
                    if (fNamespacePrefixes) {
                        printNamespaceAttr(prefix, uri);
                    }
                    fLocalNSBinder.declarePrefix(prefix, uri);
                    fNSBinder.declarePrefix(prefix, uri);
                }
            } else { // Element has no namespace
                if (elem.getLocalName() == null) {
                    //  DOM Level 1 node!
                    if (fDOMErrorHandler != null) {
                        String msg = DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(
                            DOMMessageFormatter.DOM_DOMAIN, "NullLocalElementName", 
                            new Object[]{elem.getNodeName()});
                        modifyDOMError(msg,DOMError.SEVERITY_ERROR, null, elem);
                        boolean continueProcess = fDOMErrorHandler.handleError(fDOMError);
                        // REVISIT: should we terminate upon request?
                        if (!continueProcess) {
                           throw new RuntimeException( 
            	               DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(
            	               DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN,
            	               "SerializationStopped", null));
                        }
                    }
                } else { // uri=null and no colon (DOM L2 node)
                    uri = fNSBinder.getURI(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);

                    if (uri !=null && uri.length() > 0) {
                        // there is a default namespace decl that is bound to
                        // non-zero length uri, output xmlns=""
                        if (fNamespacePrefixes) {
                            printNamespaceAttr(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);
                        }
                        fLocalNSBinder.declarePrefix(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);
                        fNSBinder.declarePrefix(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);
                    }
                }
            }


            // -----------------------------------------
            // Fix up namespaces for attributes: per DOM L3 
            // check if prefix/namespace is correct the attributes
            // -----------------------------------------

            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {

                attr = (Attr) attrMap.item( i );
                value = attr.getValue();
                name = attr.getNodeName();  
              
                uri = attr.getNamespaceURI();

                // Fix attribute that was declared with a prefix and namespace=""
                if (uri !=null && uri.length() == 0) {
                    uri=null;
                    // we must remove prefix for this attribute
                    name=attr.getLocalName();
                }

                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("==>process attribute: "+attr.getNodeName());
                }
                // make sure that value is never null.
                if (value == null) {
                    value=XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING;
                }

                if (uri != null) {  // attribute has namespace !=null
                    prefix = attr.getPrefix();
                    prefix = prefix == null ? XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING :fSymbolTable.addSymbol(prefix);
                    String localpart = fSymbolTable.addSymbol( attr.getLocalName());



                    // ---------------------------------------------------
                    // print namespace declarations namespace declarations 
                    // ---------------------------------------------------
                    if (uri != null && uri.equals(NamespaceContext.XMLNS_URI)) {
                        // check if we need to output this declaration
                        prefix = attr.getPrefix();
                        prefix = (prefix == null || 
                                  prefix.length() == 0) ? XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING : fSymbolTable.addSymbol(prefix);
                        localpart = fSymbolTable.addSymbol( attr.getLocalName());
                        if (prefix == XMLSymbols.PREFIX_XMLNS) { //xmlns:prefix
                            localUri = fLocalNSBinder.getURI(localpart);  // local prefix mapping
                            value = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(value);
                            if (value.length() != 0 ) {
                                if (localUri == null) {
                                    // declaration was not printed while fixing element namespace binding
                                    
                                    // If the DOM Level 3 namespace-prefixes feature is set to false
                                    // do not print xmlns attributes
                                    if (fNamespacePrefixes) {
                                        printNamespaceAttr(localpart, value);
                                    }
                                    	
                                    // case 4: <elem xmlns:xx="foo" xx:attr=""/>
                                    // where attribute is bound to "bar". 
                                    // If the xmlns:xx is output here first, later we should not
                                    // redeclare "xx" prefix. Instead we would pick up different prefix
                                    // for the attribute.
                                    // final: <elem xmlns:xx="foo" NS1:attr="" xmlns:NS1="bar"/>
                                    fLocalNSBinder.declarePrefix(localpart, value);
                                }
                            } else {
                                // REVISIT: issue error on invalid declarations
                                //          xmlns:foo = ""
                            }
                            continue;
                        }
                        // xmlns --- empty prefix is always bound ("" or some string)
                        uri = fNSBinder.getURI(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);
                        localUri= fLocalNSBinder.getURI(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING);
                        value = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(value);
                        if (localUri == null ) {
                            // declaration was not printed while fixing element namespace binding
                            if (fNamespacePrefixes) {
                                printNamespaceAttr(XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING, value);
                            }
                            // case 4 does not apply here since attributes can't use
                            // default namespace
                        }
                        continue;

                    }
                    uri = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(uri);

                    // find if for this prefix a URI was already declared
                    String declaredURI =  fNSBinder.getURI(prefix);

                    if (prefix == XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING || declaredURI != uri) {
                        // attribute has no prefix (default namespace decl does not apply to attributes) 
                        // OR
                        // attribute prefix is not declared
                        // OR
                        // conflict: attr URI does not match the prefix in scope

                        name  = attr.getNodeName();
                        // Find if any prefix for attributes namespace URI is available
                        // in the scope
                        String declaredPrefix = fNSBinder.getPrefix(uri);

                        if (declaredPrefix !=null && declaredPrefix !=XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING) {
                            // use the prefix that was found
                            prefix = declaredPrefix;
                            name=prefix+":"+localpart;
                        } else {
                            if (DEBUG) {
                                System.out.println("==> cound not find prefix for the attribute: " +prefix);
                            }

                            if (prefix != XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING && fLocalNSBinder.getURI(prefix) == null) {
                                // the current prefix is not null and it has no in scope declaration

                                // use this prefix
                            } else {
                                // find a prefix following the pattern "NS" +index (starting at 1)
                                // make sure this prefix is not declared in the current scope.
                                int counter = 1;
                                prefix = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(PREFIX + counter++);
                                while (fLocalNSBinder.getURI(prefix)!=null) {
                                    prefix = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(PREFIX +counter++);
                                }
                                name=prefix+":"+localpart;
                            }
                            // add declaration for the new prefix
                            if (fNamespacePrefixes) {
                                printNamespaceAttr(prefix, uri);
                            }
                            value = fSymbolTable.addSymbol(value);
                            fLocalNSBinder.declarePrefix(prefix, value);
                            fNSBinder.declarePrefix(prefix, uri);
                        }                        

                        // change prefix for this attribute
                    }

                    printAttribute (name, (value==null)?XMLSymbols.EMPTY_STRING:value, attr.getSpecified(), attr);
                } else { // attribute uri == null
                    if (attr.getLocalName() == null) {
                        if (fDOMErrorHandler != null) {
                            String msg = DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(
                                DOMMessageFormatter.DOM_DOMAIN, 
                                "NullLocalAttrName", new Object[]{attr.getNodeName()});                            
                            modifyDOMError(msg, DOMError.SEVERITY_ERROR, null, attr);
                            boolean continueProcess = fDOMErrorHandler.handleError(fDOMError);
                            if (!continueProcess) {
                                // stop the namespace fixup and validation
                                throw new RuntimeException( 
            	                   DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(
            	                   DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN,
            	                   "SerializationStopped", null));
                            }
                        }
                        printAttribute (name, value, attr.getSpecified(), attr);
                    } else { // uri=null and no colon

                        // no fix up is needed: default namespace decl does not 
                        // apply to attributes
                        printAttribute (name, value, attr.getSpecified(), attr);
                    }
                }
            } // end loop for attributes

        }// end namespace fixup algorithm


        // If element has children, then serialize them, otherwise
        // serialize en empty tag.        
        if (elem.hasChildNodes()) {
            // Enter an element state, and serialize the children
            // one by one. Finally, end the element.
            state = enterElementState( null, null, tagName, fPreserveSpace );
            state.doCData = _format.isCDataElement( tagName );
            state.unescaped = _format.isNonEscapingElement( tagName );
            child = elem.getFirstChild();
            while (child != null) {
                serializeNode( child );
                child = child.getNextSibling();
            }
            if (fNamespaces) {
                fNSBinder.popContext();
            }
            endElementIO( null, null, tagName );
        } else {
            if (DEBUG) {
                System.out.println("==>endElement: " +elem.getNodeName());
            }
            if (fNamespaces) {
                fNSBinder.popContext();
            }
            _printer.unindent();
            _printer.printText( "/>" );
            // After element but parent element is no longer empty.
            state.afterElement = true;
            state.afterComment = false;
            state.empty = false;
            if (isDocumentState())
                _printer.flush();
        }
public voidsetNamespaces(boolean namespaces)
This methods turns on namespace fixup algorithm during DOM serialization.

see
org.w3c.dom.ls.LSSerializer
param
namespaces

        fNamespaces = namespaces;
        if (fNSBinder == null) {
            fNSBinder = new NamespaceSupport();
            fLocalNSBinder = new NamespaceSupport();
            fSymbolTable = new SymbolTable();
        }
public voidsetOutputFormat(OutputFormat format)

        super.setOutputFormat( format != null ? format : new OutputFormat( Method.XML, null, false ) );
protected voidstartDocument(java.lang.String rootTagName)
Called to serialize the document's DOCTYPE by the root element. The document type declaration must name the root element, but the root element is only known when that element is serialized, and not at the start of the document.

This method will check if it has not been called before ({@link #_started}), will serialize the document type declaration, and will serialize all pre-root comments and PIs that were accumulated in the document (see {@link #serializePreRoot}). Pre-root will be serialized even if this is not the first root element of the document.

        int    i;
        String dtd;

        dtd = _printer.leaveDTD();
        if (! _started) {

            if (! _format.getOmitXMLDeclaration()) {
                StringBuffer    buffer;

                // Serialize the document declaration appreaing at the head
                // of very XML document (unless asked not to).
                buffer = new StringBuffer( "<?xml version=\"" );
                if (_format.getVersion() != null)
                    buffer.append( _format.getVersion() );
                else
                    buffer.append( "1.0" );
                buffer.append( '"" );
                String format_encoding =  _format.getEncoding();
                if (format_encoding != null) {
                    buffer.append( " encoding=\"" );
                    buffer.append( format_encoding );
                    buffer.append( '"" );
                }
                if (_format.getStandalone() && _docTypeSystemId == null &&
                    _docTypePublicId == null)
                    buffer.append( " standalone=\"yes\"" );
                buffer.append( "?>" );
                _printer.printText( buffer );
                _printer.breakLine();
            }

            if (! _format.getOmitDocumentType()) {
                if (_docTypeSystemId != null) {
                    // System identifier must be specified to print DOCTYPE.
                    // If public identifier is specified print 'PUBLIC
                    // <public> <system>', if not, print 'SYSTEM <system>'.
                    _printer.printText( "<!DOCTYPE " );
                    _printer.printText( rootTagName );
                    if (_docTypePublicId != null) {
                        _printer.printText( " PUBLIC " );
                        printDoctypeURL( _docTypePublicId );
                        if (_indenting) {
                            _printer.breakLine();
                            for (i = 0 ; i < 18 + rootTagName.length() ; ++i)
                                _printer.printText( " " );
                        } else
                            _printer.printText( " " );
                        printDoctypeURL( _docTypeSystemId );
                    } else {
                        _printer.printText( " SYSTEM " );
                        printDoctypeURL( _docTypeSystemId );
                    }

                    // If we accumulated any DTD contents while printing.
                    // this would be the place to print it.
                    if (dtd != null && dtd.length() > 0) {
                        _printer.printText( " [" );
                        printText( dtd, true, true );
                        _printer.printText( ']" );
                    }

                    _printer.printText( ">" );
                    _printer.breakLine();
                } else if (dtd != null && dtd.length() > 0) {
                    _printer.printText( "<!DOCTYPE " );
                    _printer.printText( rootTagName );
                    _printer.printText( " [" );
                    printText( dtd, true, true );
                    _printer.printText( "]>" );
                    _printer.breakLine();
                }
            }
        }
        _started = true;
        // Always serialize these, even if not te first root element.
        serializePreRoot();
public voidstartElement(java.lang.String tagName, org.xml.sax.AttributeList attrs)

        int          i;
        boolean      preserveSpace;
        ElementState state;
        String       name;
        String       value;


        if (DEBUG) {
            System.out.println("==>startElement("+tagName+")");
        }

        try {
            if (_printer == null) {
                String msg = DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN, "NoWriterSupplied", null);
                throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
            }

            state = getElementState();
            if (isDocumentState()) {
                // If this is the root element handle it differently.
                // If the first root element in the document, serialize
                // the document's DOCTYPE. Space preserving defaults
                // to that of the output format.
                if (! _started)
                    startDocument( tagName );
            } else {
                // For any other element, if first in parent, then
                // close parent's opening tag and use the parnet's
                // space preserving.
                if (state.empty)
                    _printer.printText( '>" );
                // Must leave CData section first
                if (state.inCData) {
                    _printer.printText( "]]>" );
                    state.inCData = false;
                }
                // Indent this element on a new line if the first
                // content of the parent element or immediately
                // following an element.
                if (_indenting && ! state.preserveSpace &&
                    ( state.empty || state.afterElement || state.afterComment))
                    _printer.breakLine();
            }
            preserveSpace = state.preserveSpace;

            // Do not change the current element state yet.
            // This only happens in endElement().

            _printer.printText( '<" );
            _printer.printText( tagName );
            _printer.indent();

            // For each attribute print it's name and value as one part,
            // separated with a space so the element can be broken on
            // multiple lines.
            if (attrs != null) {
                for (i = 0 ; i < attrs.getLength() ; ++i) {
                    _printer.printSpace();
                    name = attrs.getName( i );
                    value = attrs.getValue( i );
                    if (value != null) {
                        _printer.printText( name );
                        _printer.printText( "=\"" );
                        printEscaped( value );
                        _printer.printText( '"" );
                    }

                    // If the attribute xml:space exists, determine whether
                    // to preserve spaces in this and child nodes based on
                    // its value.
                    if (name.equals( "xml:space" )) {
                        if (value.equals( "preserve" ))
                            preserveSpace = true;
                        else
                            preserveSpace = _format.getPreserveSpace();
                    }
                }
            }
            // Now it's time to enter a new element state
            // with the tag name and space preserving.
            // We still do not change the curent element state.
            state = enterElementState( null, null, tagName, preserveSpace );
            state.doCData = _format.isCDataElement( tagName );
            state.unescaped = _format.isNonEscapingElement( tagName );
        } catch (IOException except) {
            throw new SAXException( except );
        }
public voidstartElement(java.lang.String namespaceURI, java.lang.String localName, java.lang.String rawName, org.xml.sax.Attributes attrs)

        int          i;
        boolean      preserveSpace;
        ElementState state;
        String       name;
        String       value;

        if (DEBUG) {
            System.out.println("==>startElement("+namespaceURI+","+localName+
                               ","+rawName+")");
        }

        try {
            if (_printer == null) {
                String msg = DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN, "NoWriterSupplied", null);
                throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
            }

            state = getElementState();
            if (isDocumentState()) {
                // If this is the root element handle it differently.
                // If the first root element in the document, serialize
                // the document's DOCTYPE. Space preserving defaults
                // to that of the output format.
                if (! _started)
                    startDocument( ( localName == null || localName.length() == 0 ) ? rawName : localName );
            } else {
                // For any other element, if first in parent, then
                // close parent's opening tag and use the parnet's
                // space preserving.
                if (state.empty)
                    _printer.printText( '>" );
                // Must leave CData section first
                if (state.inCData) {
                    _printer.printText( "]]>" );
                    state.inCData = false;
                }
                // Indent this element on a new line if the first
                // content of the parent element or immediately
                // following an element or a comment
                if (_indenting && ! state.preserveSpace &&
                    ( state.empty || state.afterElement || state.afterComment))
                    _printer.breakLine();
            }
            preserveSpace = state.preserveSpace;

            //We remove the namespaces from the attributes list so that they will
            //be in _prefixes
            attrs = extractNamespaces(attrs);

            // Do not change the current element state yet.
            // This only happens in endElement().
            if (rawName == null || rawName.length() == 0) {
                if (localName == null) {
                    String msg = DOMMessageFormatter.formatMessage(DOMMessageFormatter.SERIALIZER_DOMAIN, "NoName", null);
                    throw new SAXException(msg);
                }
                if (namespaceURI != null && ! namespaceURI.equals( "" )) {
                    String prefix;
                    prefix = getPrefix( namespaceURI );
                    if (prefix != null && prefix.length() > 0) {
                        rawName = prefix + ":" + localName;
                    } 
                    else {
                        rawName = localName;
                    }
                } 
                else {
                    rawName = localName;
                }
            }

            _printer.printText( '<" );
            _printer.printText( rawName );
            _printer.indent();

            // For each attribute print it's name and value as one part,
            // separated with a space so the element can be broken on
            // multiple lines.
            if (attrs != null) {
                for (i = 0 ; i < attrs.getLength() ; ++i) {
                    _printer.printSpace();

                    name = attrs.getQName( i );
                    if (name != null && name.length() == 0) {
                        String prefix;
                        String attrURI;

                        name = attrs.getLocalName( i );
                        attrURI = attrs.getURI( i );
                        if (( attrURI != null && attrURI.length() != 0 ) &&
                            ( namespaceURI == null || namespaceURI.length() == 0 ||
                              ! attrURI.equals( namespaceURI ) )) {
                            prefix = getPrefix( attrURI );
                            if (prefix != null && prefix.length() > 0)
                                name = prefix + ":" + name;
                        }
                    }

                    value = attrs.getValue( i );
                    if (value == null)
                        value = "";
                    _printer.printText( name );
                    _printer.printText( "=\"" );
                    printEscaped( value );
                    _printer.printText( '"" );

                    // If the attribute xml:space exists, determine whether
                    // to preserve spaces in this and child nodes based on
                    // its value.
                    if (name.equals( "xml:space" )) {
                        if (value.equals( "preserve" ))
                            preserveSpace = true;
                        else
                            preserveSpace = _format.getPreserveSpace();
                    }
                }
            }

            if (_prefixes != null) {
                Enumeration keys;

                keys = _prefixes.keys();
                while (keys.hasMoreElements()) {
                    _printer.printSpace();
                    value = (String) keys.nextElement();
                    name = (String) _prefixes.get( value );
                    if (name.length() == 0) {
                        _printer.printText( "xmlns=\"" );
                        printEscaped( value );
                        _printer.printText( '"" );
                    } else {
                        _printer.printText( "xmlns:" );
                        _printer.printText( name );
                        _printer.printText( "=\"" );
                        printEscaped( value );
                        _printer.printText( '"" );
                    }
                }
            }

            // Now it's time to enter a new element state
            // with the tag name and space preserving.
            // We still do not change the curent element state.
            state = enterElementState( namespaceURI, localName, rawName, preserveSpace );
            name = ( localName == null || localName.length() == 0 ) ? rawName : namespaceURI + "^" + localName;
            state.doCData = _format.isCDataElement( name );
            state.unescaped = _format.isNonEscapingElement( name );
        } catch (IOException except) {
            throw new SAXException( except );
        }