FileDocCategorySizeDatePackage
IOUtils.javaAPI DocAndroid 1.5 API48669Wed May 06 22:42:46 BST 2009org.apache.commons.io

IOUtils

public class IOUtils extends Object
General IO stream manipulation utilities.

This class provides static utility methods for input/output operations.

  • closeQuietly - these methods close a stream ignoring nulls and exceptions
  • toXxx/read - these methods read data from a stream
  • write - these methods write data to a stream
  • copy - these methods copy all the data from one stream to another
  • contentEquals - these methods compare the content of two streams

The byte-to-char methods and char-to-byte methods involve a conversion step. Two methods are provided in each case, one that uses the platform default encoding and the other which allows you to specify an encoding. You are encouraged to always specify an encoding because relying on the platform default can lead to unexpected results, for example when moving from development to production.

All the methods in this class that read a stream are buffered internally. This means that there is no cause to use a BufferedInputStream or BufferedReader. The default buffer size of 4K has been shown to be efficient in tests.

Wherever possible, the methods in this class do not flush or close the stream. This is to avoid making non-portable assumptions about the streams' origin and further use. Thus the caller is still responsible for closing streams after use.

Origin of code: Excalibur.

author
Peter Donald
author
Jeff Turner
author
Matthew Hawthorne
author
Stephen Colebourne
author
Gareth Davis
author
Ian Springer
author
Niall Pemberton
author
Sandy McArthur
version
$Id: IOUtils.java 481854 2006-12-03 18:30:07Z scolebourne $

Fields Summary
public static final char
DIR_SEPARATOR_UNIX
The Unix directory separator character.
public static final char
DIR_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS
The Windows directory separator character.
public static final char
DIR_SEPARATOR
The system directory separator character.
public static final String
LINE_SEPARATOR_UNIX
The Unix line separator string.
public static final String
LINE_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS
The Windows line separator string.
public static final String
LINE_SEPARATOR
The system line separator string.
private static final int
DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE
The default buffer size to use.
Constructors Summary
public IOUtils()
Instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.


                 
      
        super();
    
Methods Summary
public static voidcloseQuietly(java.io.Reader input)
Unconditionally close an Reader.

Equivalent to {@link Reader#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.

param
input the Reader to close, may be null or already closed

        try {
            if (input != null) {
                input.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            // ignore
        }
    
public static voidcloseQuietly(java.io.Writer output)
Unconditionally close a Writer.

Equivalent to {@link Writer#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.

param
output the Writer to close, may be null or already closed

        try {
            if (output != null) {
                output.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            // ignore
        }
    
public static voidcloseQuietly(java.io.InputStream input)
Unconditionally close an InputStream.

Equivalent to {@link InputStream#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.

param
input the InputStream to close, may be null or already closed

        try {
            if (input != null) {
                input.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            // ignore
        }
    
public static voidcloseQuietly(java.io.OutputStream output)
Unconditionally close an OutputStream.

Equivalent to {@link OutputStream#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.

param
output the OutputStream to close, may be null or already closed

        try {
            if (output != null) {
                output.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            // ignore
        }
    
public static booleancontentEquals(java.io.InputStream input1, java.io.InputStream input2)
Compare the contents of two Streams to determine if they are equal or not.

This method buffers the input internally using BufferedInputStream if they are not already buffered.

param
input1 the first stream
param
input2 the second stream
return
true if the content of the streams are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise
throws
NullPointerException if either input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs

        if (!(input1 instanceof BufferedInputStream)) {
            input1 = new BufferedInputStream(input1);
        }
        if (!(input2 instanceof BufferedInputStream)) {
            input2 = new BufferedInputStream(input2);
        }

        int ch = input1.read();
        while (-1 != ch) {
            int ch2 = input2.read();
            if (ch != ch2) {
                return false;
            }
            ch = input1.read();
        }

        int ch2 = input2.read();
        return (ch2 == -1);
    
public static booleancontentEquals(java.io.Reader input1, java.io.Reader input2)
Compare the contents of two Readers to determine if they are equal or not.

This method buffers the input internally using BufferedReader if they are not already buffered.

param
input1 the first reader
param
input2 the second reader
return
true if the content of the readers are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise
throws
NullPointerException if either input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (!(input1 instanceof BufferedReader)) {
            input1 = new BufferedReader(input1);
        }
        if (!(input2 instanceof BufferedReader)) {
            input2 = new BufferedReader(input2);
        }

        int ch = input1.read();
        while (-1 != ch) {
            int ch2 = input2.read();
            if (ch != ch2) {
                return false;
            }
            ch = input1.read();
        }

        int ch2 = input2.read();
        return (ch2 == -1);
    
public static intcopy(java.io.InputStream input, java.io.OutputStream output)
Copy bytes from an InputStream to an OutputStream.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

Large streams (over 2GB) will return a bytes copied value of -1 after the copy has completed since the correct number of bytes cannot be returned as an int. For large streams use the copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream) method.

param
input the InputStream to read from
param
output the OutputStream to write to
return
the number of bytes copied
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
throws
ArithmeticException if the byte count is too large
since
Commons IO 1.1

        long count = copyLarge(input, output);
        if (count > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
            return -1;
        }
        return (int) count;
    
public static voidcopy(java.io.InputStream input, java.io.Writer output)
Copy bytes from an InputStream to chars on a Writer using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

This method uses {@link InputStreamReader}.

param
input the InputStream to read from
param
output the Writer to write to
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(input);
        copy(in, output);
    
public static voidcopy(java.io.InputStream input, java.io.Writer output, java.lang.String encoding)
Copy bytes from an InputStream to chars on a Writer using the specified character encoding.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method uses {@link InputStreamReader}.

param
input the InputStream to read from
param
output the Writer to write to
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (encoding == null) {
            copy(input, output);
        } else {
            InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(input, encoding);
            copy(in, output);
        }
    
public static intcopy(java.io.Reader input, java.io.Writer output)
Copy chars from a Reader to a Writer.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

Large streams (over 2GB) will return a chars copied value of -1 after the copy has completed since the correct number of chars cannot be returned as an int. For large streams use the copyLarge(Reader, Writer) method.

param
input the Reader to read from
param
output the Writer to write to
return
the number of characters copied
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
throws
ArithmeticException if the character count is too large
since
Commons IO 1.1

        long count = copyLarge(input, output);
        if (count > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
            return -1;
        }
        return (int) count;
    
public static voidcopy(java.io.Reader input, java.io.OutputStream output)
Copy chars from a Reader to bytes on an OutputStream using the default character encoding of the platform, and calling flush.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

Due to the implementation of OutputStreamWriter, this method performs a flush.

This method uses {@link OutputStreamWriter}.

param
input the Reader to read from
param
output the OutputStream to write to
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(output);
        copy(input, out);
        // XXX Unless anyone is planning on rewriting OutputStreamWriter, we
        // have to flush here.
        out.flush();
    
public static voidcopy(java.io.Reader input, java.io.OutputStream output, java.lang.String encoding)
Copy chars from a Reader to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding, and calling flush.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

Due to the implementation of OutputStreamWriter, this method performs a flush.

This method uses {@link OutputStreamWriter}.

param
input the Reader to read from
param
output the OutputStream to write to
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (encoding == null) {
            copy(input, output);
        } else {
            OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(output, encoding);
            copy(input, out);
            // XXX Unless anyone is planning on rewriting OutputStreamWriter,
            // we have to flush here.
            out.flush();
        }
    
public static longcopyLarge(java.io.InputStream input, java.io.OutputStream output)
Copy bytes from a large (over 2GB) InputStream to an OutputStream.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
input the InputStream to read from
param
output the OutputStream to write to
return
the number of bytes copied
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.3

        byte[] buffer = new byte[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
        long count = 0;
        int n = 0;
        while (-1 != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
            output.write(buffer, 0, n);
            count += n;
        }
        return count;
    
public static longcopyLarge(java.io.Reader input, java.io.Writer output)
Copy chars from a large (over 2GB) Reader to a Writer.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

param
input the Reader to read from
param
output the Writer to write to
return
the number of characters copied
throws
NullPointerException if the input or output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.3

        char[] buffer = new char[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
        long count = 0;
        int n = 0;
        while (-1 != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
            output.write(buffer, 0, n);
            count += n;
        }
        return count;
    
public static org.apache.commons.io.LineIteratorlineIterator(java.io.Reader reader)
Return an Iterator for the lines in a Reader.

LineIterator holds a reference to the open Reader specified here. When you have finished with the iterator you should close the reader to free internal resources. This can be done by closing the reader directly, or by calling {@link LineIterator#close()} or {@link LineIterator#closeQuietly(LineIterator)}.

The recommended usage pattern is:

try {
LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(reader);
while (it.hasNext()) {
String line = it.nextLine();
/// do something with line
}
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
}

param
reader the Reader to read from, not null
return
an Iterator of the lines in the reader, never null
throws
IllegalArgumentException if the reader is null
since
Commons IO 1.2

        return new LineIterator(reader);
    
public static org.apache.commons.io.LineIteratorlineIterator(java.io.InputStream input, java.lang.String encoding)
Return an Iterator for the lines in an InputStream, using the character encoding specified (or default encoding if null).

LineIterator holds a reference to the open InputStream specified here. When you have finished with the iterator you should close the stream to free internal resources. This can be done by closing the stream directly, or by calling {@link LineIterator#close()} or {@link LineIterator#closeQuietly(LineIterator)}.

The recommended usage pattern is:

try {
LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(stream, "UTF-8");
while (it.hasNext()) {
String line = it.nextLine();
/// do something with line
}
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
}

param
input the InputStream to read from, not null
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
return
an Iterator of the lines in the reader, never null
throws
IllegalArgumentException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs, such as if the encoding is invalid
since
Commons IO 1.2

        Reader reader = null;
        if (encoding == null) {
            reader = new InputStreamReader(input);
        } else {
            reader = new InputStreamReader(input, encoding);
        }
        return new LineIterator(reader);
    
public static java.util.ListreadLines(java.io.InputStream input)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
input the InputStream to read from, not null
return
the list of Strings, never null
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(input);
        return readLines(reader);
    
public static java.util.ListreadLines(java.io.InputStream input, java.lang.String encoding)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
input the InputStream to read from, not null
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
return
the list of Strings, never null
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (encoding == null) {
            return readLines(input);
        } else {
            InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(input, encoding);
            return readLines(reader);
        }
    
public static java.util.ListreadLines(java.io.Reader input)
Get the contents of a Reader as a list of Strings, one entry per line.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

param
input the Reader to read from, not null
return
the list of Strings, never null
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(input);
        List list = new ArrayList();
        String line = reader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            list.add(line);
            line = reader.readLine();
        }
        return list;
    
public static byte[]toByteArray(java.io.InputStream input)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a byte[].

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
input the InputStream to read from
return
the requested byte array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs

        ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        copy(input, output);
        return output.toByteArray();
    
public static byte[]toByteArray(java.io.Reader input)
Get the contents of a Reader as a byte[] using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

param
input the Reader to read from
return
the requested byte array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs

        ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        copy(input, output);
        return output.toByteArray();
    
public static byte[]toByteArray(java.io.Reader input, java.lang.String encoding)
Get the contents of a Reader as a byte[] using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

param
input the Reader to read from
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
return
the requested byte array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        copy(input, output, encoding);
        return output.toByteArray();
    
public static byte[]toByteArray(java.lang.String input)
Get the contents of a String as a byte[] using the default character encoding of the platform.

This is the same as {@link String#getBytes()}.

param
input the String to convert
return
the requested byte array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs (never occurs)
deprecated
Use {@link String#getBytes()}

        return input.getBytes();
    
public static char[]toCharArray(java.io.InputStream is)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a character array using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
is the InputStream to read from
return
the requested character array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        CharArrayWriter output = new CharArrayWriter();
        copy(is, output);
        return output.toCharArray();
    
public static char[]toCharArray(java.io.InputStream is, java.lang.String encoding)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a character array using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
is the InputStream to read from
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
return
the requested character array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        CharArrayWriter output = new CharArrayWriter();
        copy(is, output, encoding);
        return output.toCharArray();
    
public static char[]toCharArray(java.io.Reader input)
Get the contents of a Reader as a character array.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

param
input the Reader to read from
return
the requested character array
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        CharArrayWriter sw = new CharArrayWriter();
        copy(input, sw);
        return sw.toCharArray();
    
public static java.io.InputStreamtoInputStream(java.lang.String input)
Convert the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the default character encoding of the platform.

param
input the string to convert
return
an input stream
since
Commons IO 1.1

        byte[] bytes = input.getBytes();
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
    
public static java.io.InputStreamtoInputStream(java.lang.String input, java.lang.String encoding)
Convert the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

param
input the string to convert
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
IOException if the encoding is invalid
return
an input stream
since
Commons IO 1.1

        byte[] bytes = encoding != null ? input.getBytes(encoding) : input.getBytes();
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
    
public static java.lang.StringtoString(java.io.InputStream input)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a String using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
input the InputStream to read from
return
the requested String
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs

        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        copy(input, sw);
        return sw.toString();
    
public static java.lang.StringtoString(java.io.InputStream input, java.lang.String encoding)
Get the contents of an InputStream as a String using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedInputStream.

param
input the InputStream to read from
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
return
the requested String
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs

        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        copy(input, sw, encoding);
        return sw.toString();
    
public static java.lang.StringtoString(java.io.Reader input)
Get the contents of a Reader as a String.

This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a BufferedReader.

param
input the Reader to read from
return
the requested String
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs

        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        copy(input, sw);
        return sw.toString();
    
public static java.lang.StringtoString(byte[] input)
Get the contents of a byte[] as a String using the default character encoding of the platform.

param
input the byte array to read from
return
the requested String
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs (never occurs)
deprecated
Use {@link String#String(byte[])}

        return new String(input);
    
public static java.lang.StringtoString(byte[] input, java.lang.String encoding)
Get the contents of a byte[] as a String using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

param
input the byte array to read from
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
return
the requested String
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs (never occurs)
deprecated
Use {@link String#String(byte[],String)}

        if (encoding == null) {
            return new String(input);
        } else {
            return new String(input, encoding);
        }
    
public static voidwrite(byte[] data, java.io.OutputStream output)
Writes bytes from a byte[] to an OutputStream.

param
data the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(data);
        }
    
public static voidwrite(byte[] data, java.io.Writer output)
Writes bytes from a byte[] to chars on a Writer using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method uses {@link String#String(byte[])}.

param
data the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
param
output the Writer to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(new String(data));
        }
    
public static voidwrite(byte[] data, java.io.Writer output, java.lang.String encoding)
Writes bytes from a byte[] to chars on a Writer using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method uses {@link String#String(byte[], String)}.

param
data the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
param
output the Writer to write to
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            if (encoding == null) {
                write(data, output);
            } else {
                output.write(new String(data, encoding));
            }
        }
    
public static voidwrite(char[] data, java.io.Writer output)
Writes chars from a char[] to a Writer using the default character encoding of the platform.

param
data the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
param
output the Writer to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(data);
        }
    
public static voidwrite(char[] data, java.io.OutputStream output)
Writes chars from a char[] to bytes on an OutputStream.

This method uses {@link String#String(char[])} and {@link String#getBytes()}.

param
data the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(new String(data).getBytes());
        }
    
public static voidwrite(char[] data, java.io.OutputStream output, java.lang.String encoding)
Writes chars from a char[] to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method uses {@link String#String(char[])} and {@link String#getBytes(String)}.

param
data the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            if (encoding == null) {
                write(data, output);
            } else {
                output.write(new String(data).getBytes(encoding));
            }
        }
    
public static voidwrite(java.lang.String data, java.io.Writer output)
Writes chars from a String to a Writer.

param
data the String to write, null ignored
param
output the Writer to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(data);
        }
    
public static voidwrite(java.lang.String data, java.io.OutputStream output)
Writes chars from a String to bytes on an OutputStream using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method uses {@link String#getBytes()}.

param
data the String to write, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(data.getBytes());
        }
    
public static voidwrite(java.lang.String data, java.io.OutputStream output, java.lang.String encoding)
Writes chars from a String to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.

param
data the String to write, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            if (encoding == null) {
                write(data, output);
            } else {
                output.write(data.getBytes(encoding));
            }
        }
    
public static voidwrite(java.lang.StringBuffer data, java.io.Writer output)
Writes chars from a StringBuffer to a Writer.

param
data the StringBuffer to write, null ignored
param
output the Writer to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(data.toString());
        }
    
public static voidwrite(java.lang.StringBuffer data, java.io.OutputStream output)
Writes chars from a StringBuffer to bytes on an OutputStream using the default character encoding of the platform.

This method uses {@link String#getBytes()}.

param
data the StringBuffer to write, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            output.write(data.toString().getBytes());
        }
    
public static voidwrite(java.lang.StringBuffer data, java.io.OutputStream output, java.lang.String encoding)
Writes chars from a StringBuffer to bytes on an OutputStream using the specified character encoding.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.

param
data the StringBuffer to write, null ignored
param
output the OutputStream to write to
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (data != null) {
            if (encoding == null) {
                write(data, output);
            } else {
                output.write(data.toString().getBytes(encoding));
            }
        }
    
public static voidwriteLines(java.util.Collection lines, java.lang.String lineEnding, java.io.OutputStream output)
Writes the toString() value of each item in a collection to an OutputStream line by line, using the default character encoding of the platform and the specified line ending.

param
lines the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines
param
lineEnding the line separator to use, null is system default
param
output the OutputStream to write to, not null, not closed
throws
NullPointerException if the output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (lines == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (lineEnding == null) {
            lineEnding = LINE_SEPARATOR;
        }
        for (Iterator it = lines.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
            Object line = it.next();
            if (line != null) {
                output.write(line.toString().getBytes());
            }
            output.write(lineEnding.getBytes());
        }
    
public static voidwriteLines(java.util.Collection lines, java.lang.String lineEnding, java.io.OutputStream output, java.lang.String encoding)
Writes the toString() value of each item in a collection to an OutputStream line by line, using the specified character encoding and the specified line ending.

Character encoding names can be found at IANA.

param
lines the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines
param
lineEnding the line separator to use, null is system default
param
output the OutputStream to write to, not null, not closed
param
encoding the encoding to use, null means platform default
throws
NullPointerException if the output is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (encoding == null) {
            writeLines(lines, lineEnding, output);
        } else {
            if (lines == null) {
                return;
            }
            if (lineEnding == null) {
                lineEnding = LINE_SEPARATOR;
            }
            for (Iterator it = lines.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
                Object line = it.next();
                if (line != null) {
                    output.write(line.toString().getBytes(encoding));
                }
                output.write(lineEnding.getBytes(encoding));
            }
        }
    
public static voidwriteLines(java.util.Collection lines, java.lang.String lineEnding, java.io.Writer writer)
Writes the toString() value of each item in a collection to a Writer line by line, using the specified line ending.

param
lines the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines
param
lineEnding the line separator to use, null is system default
param
writer the Writer to write to, not null, not closed
throws
NullPointerException if the input is null
throws
IOException if an I/O error occurs
since
Commons IO 1.1

        if (lines == null) {
            return;
        }
        if (lineEnding == null) {
            lineEnding = LINE_SEPARATOR;
        }
        for (Iterator it = lines.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
            Object line = it.next();
            if (line != null) {
                writer.write(line.toString());
            }
            writer.write(lineEnding);
        }