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Sequencer.javaAPI DocJava SE 5 API29831Fri Aug 26 14:57:50 BST 2005javax.sound.midi

Sequencer

public interface Sequencer implements MidiDevice
A hardware or software device that plays back a MIDI {@link Sequence sequence} is known as a sequencer. A MIDI sequence contains lists of time-stamped MIDI data, such as might be read from a standard MIDI file. Most sequencers also provide functions for creating and editing sequences.

The Sequencer interface includes methods for the following basic MIDI sequencer operations:

  • obtaining a sequence from MIDI file data
  • starting and stopping playback
  • moving to an arbitrary position in the sequence
  • changing the tempo (speed) of playback
  • synchronizing playback to an internal clock or to received MIDI messages
  • controlling the timing of another device
In addition, the following operations are supported, either directly, or indirectly through objects that the Sequencer has access to:
  • editing the data by adding or deleting individual MIDI events or entire tracks
  • muting or soloing individual tracks in the sequence
  • notifying listener objects about any meta-events or control-change events encountered while playing back the sequence.
see
Sequencer.SyncMode
see
#addMetaEventListener
see
ControllerEventListener
see
Receiver
see
Transmitter
see
MidiDevice
version
1.36, 03/12/19
author
Kara Kytle
author
Florian Bomers

Fields Summary
public static final int
LOOP_CONTINUOUSLY
A value indicating that looping should continue indefinitely rather than complete after a specific number of loops.
Constructors Summary
Methods Summary
public int[]addControllerEventListener(javax.sound.midi.ControllerEventListener listener, int[] controllers)
Registers a controller event listener to receive notification whenever the sequencer processes a control-change event of the requested type or types. The types are specified by the controllers argument, which should contain an array of MIDI controller numbers. (Each number should be between 0 and 127, inclusive. See the MIDI 1.0 Specification for the numbers that correspond to various types of controllers.)

The returned array contains the MIDI controller numbers for which the listener will now receive events. Some sequencers might not support controller event notification, in which case the array has a length of 0. Other sequencers might support notification for some controllers but not all. This method may be invoked repeatedly. Each time, the returned array indicates all the controllers that the listener will be notified about, not only the controllers requested in that particular invocation.

param
listener the controller event listener to add to the list of registered listeners
param
controllers the MIDI controller numbers for which change notification is requested
return
the numbers of all the MIDI controllers whose changes will now be reported to the specified listener
see
#removeControllerEventListener
see
ControllerEventListener

public booleanaddMetaEventListener(javax.sound.midi.MetaEventListener listener)
Registers a meta-event listener to receive notification whenever a meta-event is encountered in the sequence and processed by the sequencer. This method can fail if, for instance,this class of sequencer does not support meta-event notification.

param
listener listener to add
return
true if the listener was successfully added, otherwise false
see
#removeMetaEventListener
see
MetaEventListener
see
MetaMessage

public intgetLoopCount()
Obtains the number of repetitions for playback.

return
the number of loops after which playback plays to the end of the sequence
see
#setLoopCount
see
#start
since
1.5

public longgetLoopEndPoint()
Obtains the end position of the loop, in MIDI ticks.

return
the end position of the loop, in MIDI ticks (zero-based), or -1 to indicate the end of the sequence
see
#setLoopEndPoint
since
1.5

public longgetLoopStartPoint()
Obtains the start position of the loop, in MIDI ticks.

return
the start position of the loop, in MIDI ticks (zero-based)
see
#setLoopStartPoint
since
1.5

public javax.sound.midi.Sequencer$SyncModegetMasterSyncMode()
Obtains the current master synchronization mode for this sequencer.

return
the current master synchronization mode
see
#setMasterSyncMode(Sequencer.SyncMode)
see
#getMasterSyncModes

public javax.sound.midi.Sequencer$SyncMode[]getMasterSyncModes()
Obtains the set of master synchronization modes supported by this sequencer.

return
the available master synchronization modes
see
SyncMode#INTERNAL_CLOCK
see
SyncMode#MIDI_SYNC
see
SyncMode#MIDI_TIME_CODE
see
#getMasterSyncMode
see
#setMasterSyncMode(Sequencer.SyncMode)

public longgetMicrosecondLength()
Obtains the length of the current sequence, expressed in microseconds, or 0 if no sequence is set.

return
length of the sequence in microseconds.

public longgetMicrosecondPosition()
Obtains the current position in the sequence, expressed in microseconds.

return
the current position in microseconds
see
#setMicrosecondPosition

public javax.sound.midi.SequencegetSequence()
Obtains the sequence on which the Sequencer is currently operating.

This method can be called even if the Sequencer is closed.

return
the current sequence, or null if no sequence is currently set.

public javax.sound.midi.Sequencer$SyncModegetSlaveSyncMode()
Obtains the current slave synchronization mode for this sequencer.

return
the current slave synchronization mode
see
#setSlaveSyncMode(Sequencer.SyncMode)
see
#getSlaveSyncModes

public javax.sound.midi.Sequencer$SyncMode[]getSlaveSyncModes()
Obtains the set of slave synchronization modes supported by the sequencer.

return
the available slave synchronization modes
see
SyncMode#MIDI_SYNC
see
SyncMode#MIDI_TIME_CODE
see
SyncMode#NO_SYNC

public floatgetTempoFactor()
Returns the current tempo factor for the sequencer. The default is 1.0.

return
tempo factor.
see
#setTempoFactor(float)

public floatgetTempoInBPM()
Obtains the current tempo, expressed in beats per minute. The actual tempo of playback is the product of the returned value and the tempo factor.

return
the current tempo in beats per minute
see
#getTempoFactor
see
#setTempoInBPM(float)
see
#getTempoInMPQ

public floatgetTempoInMPQ()
Obtains the current tempo, expressed in microseconds per quarter note. The actual tempo of playback is the product of the returned value and the tempo factor.

return
the current tempo in microseconds per quarter note
see
#getTempoFactor
see
#setTempoInMPQ(float)
see
#getTempoInBPM

public longgetTickLength()
Obtains the length of the current sequence, expressed in MIDI ticks, or 0 if no sequence is set.

return
length of the sequence in ticks

public longgetTickPosition()
Obtains the current position in the sequence, expressed in MIDI ticks. (The duration of a tick in seconds is determined both by the tempo and by the timing resolution stored in the {@link Sequence}.)

return
current tick
see
#setTickPosition

public booleangetTrackMute(int track)
Obtains the current mute state for a track. The default mute state for all tracks which have not been muted is false. In any case where the specified track has not been muted, this method should return false. This applies if the sequencer does not support muting of tracks, and if the specified track index is not valid.

param
track the track number. Tracks in the current sequence are numbered from 0 to the number of tracks in the sequence minus 1.
return
true if muted, false if not.

public booleangetTrackSolo(int track)
Obtains the current solo state for a track. The default mute state for all tracks which have not been solo'd is false. In any case where the specified track has not been solo'd, this method should return false. This applies if the sequencer does not support soloing of tracks, and if the specified track index is not valid.

param
track the track number. Tracks in the current sequence are numbered from 0 to the number of tracks in the sequence minus 1.
return
true if solo'd, false if not.

public booleanisRecording()
Indicates whether the Sequencer is currently recording. The default is false. The Sequencer begins recording when {@link #startRecording} is called, and then returns true until {@link #stop} or {@link #stopRecording} is called.

return
true if the Sequencer is recording, otherwise false

public booleanisRunning()
Indicates whether the Sequencer is currently running. The default is false. The Sequencer starts running when either {@link #start} or {@link #startRecording} is called. isRunning then returns true until playback of the sequence completes or {@link #stop} is called.

return
true if the Sequencer is running, otherwise false

public voidrecordDisable(javax.sound.midi.Track track)
Disables recording to the specified track. Events will no longer be recorded into this track.

param
track the track to disable for recording, or null to disable recording for all tracks.

public voidrecordEnable(javax.sound.midi.Track track, int channel)
Prepares the specified track for recording events received on a particular channel. Once enabled, a track will receive events when recording is active.

param
track the track to which events will be recorded
param
channel the channel on which events will be received. If -1 is specified for the channel value, the track will receive data from all channels.
throws
IllegalArgumentException thrown if the track is not part of the current sequence.

public int[]removeControllerEventListener(javax.sound.midi.ControllerEventListener listener, int[] controllers)
Removes a controller event listener's interest in one or more types of controller event. The controllers argument is an array of MIDI numbers corresponding to the controllers for which the listener should no longer receive change notifications. To completely remove this listener from the list of registered listeners, pass in null for controllers. The returned array contains the MIDI controller numbers for which the listener will now receive events. The array has a length of 0 if the listener will not receive change notifications for any controllers.

param
listener old listener
param
controllers the MIDI controller numbers for which change notification should be cancelled, or null to cancel for all controllers
return
the numbers of all the MIDI controllers whose changes will now be reported to the specified listener
see
#addControllerEventListener

public voidremoveMetaEventListener(javax.sound.midi.MetaEventListener listener)
Removes the specified meta-event listener from this sequencer's list of registered listeners, if in fact the listener is registered.

param
listener the meta-event listener to remove
see
#addMetaEventListener

public voidsetLoopCount(int count)
Sets the number of repetitions of the loop for playback. When the playback position reaches the loop end point, it will loop back to the loop start point count times, after which playback will continue to play to the end of the sequence.

If the current position when this method is invoked is greater than the loop end point, playback continues to the end of the sequence without looping, unless the loop end point is changed subsequently.

A count value of 0 disables looping: playback will continue at the loop end point, and it will not loop back to the loop start point. This is a sequencer's default.

If playback is stopped during looping, the current loop status is cleared; subsequent start requests are not affected by an interrupted loop operation.

param
count the number of times playback should loop back from the loop's end position to the loop's start position, or {@link #LOOP_CONTINUOUSLY} to indicate that looping should continue until interrupted
throws
IllegalArgumentException if count is negative and not equal to {@link #LOOP_CONTINUOUSLY}
see
#setLoopStartPoint
see
#setLoopEndPoint
see
#getLoopCount
see
#start
since
1.5

public voidsetLoopEndPoint(long tick)
Sets the last MIDI tick that will be played in the loop. If the loop count is 0, the loop end point has no effect and playback continues to play when reaching the loop end point.

A value of -1 for the ending point indicates the last tick of the sequence. Otherwise, the ending point must be greater than or equal to the starting point, and it must fall within the size of the loaded sequence.

A sequencer's loop end point defaults to -1, meaning the end of the sequence.

param
tick the loop's ending position, in MIDI ticks (zero-based), or -1 to indicate the final tick
throws
IllegalArgumentException if the requested loop point cannot be set, usually because it falls outside the sequence's duration or because the ending point is before the starting point
see
#setLoopStartPoint
see
#setLoopCount
see
#getLoopEndPoint
see
#start
since
1.5

public voidsetLoopStartPoint(long tick)
Sets the first MIDI tick that will be played in the loop. If the loop count is greater than 0, playback will jump to this point when reaching the loop end point.

A value of 0 for the starting point means the beginning of the loaded sequence. The starting point must be lower than or equal to the ending point, and it must fall within the size of the loaded sequence.

A sequencer's loop start point defaults to start of the sequence.

param
tick the loop's starting position, in MIDI ticks (zero-based)
throws
IllegalArgumentException if the requested loop start point cannot be set, usually because it falls outside the sequence's duration or because the start point is after the end point
see
#setLoopEndPoint
see
#setLoopCount
see
#getLoopStartPoint
see
#start
since
1.5

public voidsetMasterSyncMode(javax.sound.midi.Sequencer$SyncMode sync)
Sets the source of timing information used by this sequencer. The sequencer synchronizes to the master, which is the internal clock, MIDI clock, or MIDI time code, depending on the value of sync. The sync argument must be one of the supported modes, as returned by {@link #getMasterSyncModes}.

param
sync the desired master synchronization mode
see
SyncMode#INTERNAL_CLOCK
see
SyncMode#MIDI_SYNC
see
SyncMode#MIDI_TIME_CODE
see
#getMasterSyncMode

public voidsetMicrosecondPosition(long microseconds)
Sets the current position in the sequence, expressed in microseconds

param
microseconds desired position in microseconds
see
#getMicrosecondPosition

public voidsetSequence(javax.sound.midi.Sequence sequence)
Sets the current sequence on which the sequencer operates.

This method can be called even if the Sequencer is closed.

param
sequence the sequence to be loaded.
throws
InvalidMidiDataException if the sequence contains invalid MIDI data, or is not supported.

public voidsetSequence(java.io.InputStream stream)
Sets the current sequence on which the sequencer operates. The stream must point to MIDI file data.

This method can be called even if the Sequencer is closed.

param
stream stream containing MIDI file data.
throws
IOException if an I/O exception occurs during reading of the stream.
throws
InvalidMidiDataException if invalid data is encountered in the stream, or the stream is not supported.

public voidsetSlaveSyncMode(javax.sound.midi.Sequencer$SyncMode sync)
Sets the slave synchronization mode for the sequencer. This indicates the type of timing information sent by the sequencer to its receiver. The sync argument must be one of the supported modes, as returned by {@link #getSlaveSyncModes}.

param
sync the desired slave synchronization mode
see
SyncMode#MIDI_SYNC
see
SyncMode#MIDI_TIME_CODE
see
SyncMode#NO_SYNC
see
#getSlaveSyncModes

public voidsetTempoFactor(float factor)
Scales the sequencer's actual playback tempo by the factor provided. The default is 1.0. A value of 1.0 represents the natural rate (the tempo specified in the sequence), 2.0 means twice as fast, etc. The tempo factor does not affect the values returned by {@link #getTempoInMPQ} and {@link #getTempoInBPM}. Those values indicate the tempo prior to scaling.

Note that the tempo factor cannot be adjusted when external synchronization is used. In that situation, setTempoFactor always sets the tempo factor to 1.0.

param
factor the requested tempo scalar
see
#getTempoFactor

public voidsetTempoInBPM(float bpm)
Sets the tempo in beats per minute. The actual tempo of playback is the product of the specified value and the tempo factor.

param
bpm desired new tempo in beats per minute
see
#getTempoFactor
see
#setTempoInMPQ(float)
see
#getTempoInBPM

public voidsetTempoInMPQ(float mpq)
Sets the tempo in microseconds per quarter note. The actual tempo of playback is the product of the specified value and the tempo factor.

param
mpq desired new tempo in microseconds per quarter note.
see
#getTempoFactor
see
#setTempoInBPM(float)
see
#getTempoInMPQ

public voidsetTickPosition(long tick)
Sets the current sequencer position in MIDI ticks

param
tick the desired tick position
see
#getTickPosition

public voidsetTrackMute(int track, boolean mute)
Sets the mute state for a track. This method may fail for a number of reasons. For example, the track number specified may not be valid for the current sequence, or the sequencer may not support this functionality. An application which needs to verify whether this operation succeeded should follow this call with a call to {@link #getTrackMute}.

param
track the track number. Tracks in the current sequence are numbered from 0 to the number of tracks in the sequence minus 1.
param
mute the new mute state for the track. true implies the track should be muted, false implies the track should be unmuted.
see
#getSequence

public voidsetTrackSolo(int track, boolean solo)
Sets the solo state for a track. If solo is true only this track and other solo'd tracks will sound. If solo is false then only other solo'd tracks will sound, unless no tracks are solo'd in which case all un-muted tracks will sound.

This method may fail for a number of reasons. For example, the track number specified may not be valid for the current sequence, or the sequencer may not support this functionality. An application which needs to verify whether this operation succeeded should follow this call with a call to {@link #getTrackSolo}.

param
track the track number. Tracks in the current sequence are numbered from 0 to the number of tracks in the sequence minus 1.
param
solo the new solo state for the track. true implies the track should be solo'd, false implies the track should not be solo'd.
see
#getSequence

public voidstart()
Starts playback of the MIDI data in the currently loaded sequence. Playback will begin from the current position. If the playback position reaches the loop end point, and the loop count is greater than 0, playback will resume at the loop start point for the number of repetitions set with setLoopCount. After that, or if the loop count is 0, playback will continue to play to the end of the sequence.

The implementation ensures that the synthesizer is brought to a consistent state when jumping to the loop start point by sending appropriate controllers, pitch bend, and program change events.

throws
IllegalStateException if the Sequencer is closed.
see
#setLoopStartPoint
see
#setLoopEndPoint
see
#setLoopCount
see
#stop

public voidstartRecording()
Starts recording and playback of MIDI data. Data is recorded to all enabled tracks, on the channel(s) for which they were enabled. Recording begins at the current position of the sequencer. Any events already in the track are overwritten for the duration of the recording session. Events from the currently loaded sequence, if any, are delivered to the sequencer's transmitter(s) along with messages received during recording.

Note that tracks are not by default enabled for recording. In order to record MIDI data, at least one track must be specifically enabled for recording.

throws
IllegalStateException if the Sequencer is closed.
see
#startRecording
see
#recordEnable
see
#recordDisable

public voidstop()
Stops recording, if active, and playback of the currently loaded sequence, if any.

throws
IllegalStateException if the Sequencer is closed.
see
#start
see
#isRunning

public voidstopRecording()
Stops recording, if active. Playback of the current sequence continues.

throws
IllegalStateException if the Sequencer is closed.
see
#startRecording
see
#isRecording