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XMLStreamReader.javaAPI DocJava SE 6 API27131Tue Jun 10 00:27:10 BST 2008javax.xml.stream

XMLStreamReader

public interface XMLStreamReader implements XMLStreamConstants
The XMLStreamReader interface allows forward, read-only access to XML. It is designed to be the lowest level and most efficient way to read XML data.

The XMLStreamReader is designed to iterate over XML using next() and hasNext(). The data can be accessed using methods such as getEventType(), getNamespaceURI(), getLocalName() and getText();

The next() method causes the reader to read the next parse event. The next() method returns an integer which identifies the type of event just read.

The event type can be determined using getEventType().

Parsing events are defined as the XML Declaration, a DTD, start tag, character data, white space, end tag, comment, or processing instruction. An attribute or namespace event may be encountered at the root level of a document as the result of a query operation.

For XML 1.0 compliance an XML processor must pass the identifiers of declared unparsed entities, notation declarations and their associated identifiers to the application. This information is provided through the property API on this interface. The following two properties allow access to this information: javax.xml.stream.notations and javax.xml.stream.entities. When the current event is a DTD the following call will return a list of Notations List l = (List) getProperty("javax.xml.stream.notations"); The following call will return a list of entity declarations: List l = (List) getProperty("javax.xml.stream.entities"); These properties can only be accessed during a DTD event and are defined to return null if the information is not available.

The following table describes which methods are valid in what state. If a method is called in an invalid state the method will throw a java.lang.IllegalStateException.
Valid methods for each state
Event Type Valid Methods
All States getProperty(), hasNext(), require(), close(), getNamespaceURI(), isStartElement(), isEndElement(), isCharacters(), isWhiteSpace(), getNamespaceContext(), getEventType(),getLocation(), hasText(), hasName()
START_ELEMENT next(), getName(), getLocalName(), hasName(), getPrefix(), getAttributeXXX(), isAttributeSpecified(), getNamespaceXXX(), getElementText(), nextTag()
ATTRIBUTE next(), nextTag() getAttributeXXX(), isAttributeSpecified(),
NAMESPACE next(), nextTag() getNamespaceXXX()
END_ELEMENT next(), getName(), getLocalName(), hasName(), getPrefix(), getNamespaceXXX(), nextTag()
CHARACTERS next(), getTextXXX(), nextTag()
CDATA next(), getTextXXX(), nextTag()
COMMENT next(), getTextXXX(), nextTag()
SPACE next(), getTextXXX(), nextTag()
START_DOCUMENT next(), getEncoding(), getVersion(), isStandalone(), standaloneSet(), getCharacterEncodingScheme(), nextTag()
END_DOCUMENT close()
PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION next(), getPITarget(), getPIData(), nextTag()
ENTITY_REFERENCE next(), getLocalName(), getText(), nextTag()
DTD next(), getText(), nextTag()

version
1.0
author
Copyright (c) 2003 by BEA Systems. All Rights Reserved.
see
javax.xml.stream.events.XMLEvent
see
XMLInputFactory
see
XMLStreamWriter
since
1.6

Fields Summary
Constructors Summary
Methods Summary
public voidclose()
Frees any resources associated with this Reader. This method does not close the underlying input source.

throws
XMLStreamException if there are errors freeing associated resources

public intgetAttributeCount()
Returns the count of attributes on this START_ELEMENT, this method is only valid on a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE. This count excludes namespace definitions. Attribute indices are zero-based.

return
returns the number of attributes
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetAttributeLocalName(int index)
Returns the localName of the attribute at the provided index

param
index the position of the attribute
return
the localName of the attribute
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public javax.xml.namespace.QNamegetAttributeName(int index)
Returns the qname of the attribute at the provided index

param
index the position of the attribute
return
the QName of the attribute
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetAttributeNamespace(int index)
Returns the namespace of the attribute at the provided index

param
index the position of the attribute
return
the namespace URI (can be null)
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetAttributePrefix(int index)
Returns the prefix of this attribute at the provided index

param
index the position of the attribute
return
the prefix of the attribute
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetAttributeType(int index)
Returns the XML type of the attribute at the provided index

param
index the position of the attribute
return
the XML type of the attribute
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetAttributeValue(java.lang.String namespaceURI, java.lang.String localName)
Returns the normalized attribute value of the attribute with the namespace and localName If the namespaceURI is null the namespace is not checked for equality

param
namespaceURI the namespace of the attribute
param
localName the local name of the attribute, cannot be null
return
returns the value of the attribute , returns null if not found
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetAttributeValue(int index)
Returns the value of the attribute at the index

param
index the position of the attribute
return
the attribute value
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public java.lang.StringgetCharacterEncodingScheme()
Returns the character encoding declared on the xml declaration Returns null if none was declared

return
the encoding declared in the document or null

public java.lang.StringgetElementText()
Reads the content of a text-only element, an exception is thrown if this is not a text-only element. Regardless of value of javax.xml.stream.isCoalescing this method always returns coalesced content.
Precondition: the current event is START_ELEMENT.
Postcondition: the current event is the corresponding END_ELEMENT.
The method does the following (implementations are free to optimized but must do equivalent processing):
if(getEventType() != XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT) {
throw new XMLStreamException(
"parser must be on START_ELEMENT to read next text", getLocation());
}
int eventType = next();
StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();
while(eventType != XMLStreamConstants.END_ELEMENT ) {
if(eventType == XMLStreamConstants.CHARACTERS
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.CDATA
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.SPACE
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.ENTITY_REFERENCE) {
buf.append(getText());
} else if(eventType == XMLStreamConstants.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.COMMENT) {
// skipping
} else if(eventType == XMLStreamConstants.END_DOCUMENT) {
throw new XMLStreamException(
"unexpected end of document when reading element text content", this);
} else if(eventType == XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT) {
throw new XMLStreamException(
"element text content may not contain START_ELEMENT", getLocation());
} else {
throw new XMLStreamException(
"Unexpected event type "+eventType, getLocation());
}
eventType = next();
}
return buf.toString();

throws
XMLStreamException if the current event is not a START_ELEMENT or if a non text element is encountered

public java.lang.StringgetEncoding()
Return input encoding if known or null if unknown.

return
the encoding of this instance or null

public intgetEventType()
Returns an integer code that indicates the type of the event the cursor is pointing to.

public java.lang.StringgetLocalName()
Returns the (local) name of the current event. For START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT returns the (local) name of the current element. For ENTITY_REFERENCE it returns entity name. The current event must be START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT, or ENTITY_REFERENCE

return
the localName
throws
IllegalStateException if this not a START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT or ENTITY_REFERENCE

public javax.xml.stream.LocationgetLocation()
Return the current location of the processor. If the Location is unknown the processor should return an implementation of Location that returns -1 for the location and null for the publicId and systemId. The location information is only valid until next() is called.

public javax.xml.namespace.QNamegetName()
Returns a QName for the current START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT event

return
the QName for the current START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT event
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT

public javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContextgetNamespaceContext()
Returns a read only namespace context for the current position. The context is transient and only valid until a call to next() changes the state of the reader.

return
return a namespace context

public intgetNamespaceCount()
Returns the count of namespaces declared on this START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT, this method is only valid on a START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT or NAMESPACE. On an END_ELEMENT the count is of the namespaces that are about to go out of scope. This is the equivalent of the information reported by SAX callback for an end element event.

return
returns the number of namespace declarations on this specific element
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT or NAMESPACE

public java.lang.StringgetNamespacePrefix(int index)
Returns the prefix for the namespace declared at the index. Returns null if this is the default namespace declaration

param
index the position of the namespace declaration
return
returns the namespace prefix
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT or NAMESPACE

public java.lang.StringgetNamespaceURI(int index)
Returns the uri for the namespace declared at the index.

param
index the position of the namespace declaration
return
returns the namespace uri
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT or NAMESPACE

public java.lang.StringgetNamespaceURI()
If the current event is a START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT this method returns the URI of the prefix or the default namespace. Returns null if the event does not have a prefix.

return
the URI bound to this elements prefix, the default namespace, or null

public java.lang.StringgetNamespaceURI(java.lang.String prefix)
Return the uri for the given prefix. The uri returned depends on the current state of the processor.

NOTE:The 'xml' prefix is bound as defined in Namespaces in XML specification to "http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace".

NOTE: The 'xmlns' prefix must be resolved to following namespace http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/

param
prefix The prefix to lookup, may not be null
return
the uri bound to the given prefix or null if it is not bound
throws
IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null

public java.lang.StringgetPIData()
Get the data section of a processing instruction

return
the data or null

public java.lang.StringgetPITarget()
Get the target of a processing instruction

return
the target or null

public java.lang.StringgetPrefix()
Returns the prefix of the current event or null if the event does not have a prefix

return
the prefix or null

public java.lang.ObjectgetProperty(java.lang.String name)
Get the value of a feature/property from the underlying implementation

param
name The name of the property, may not be null
return
The value of the property
throws
IllegalArgumentException if name is null

public java.lang.StringgetText()
Returns the current value of the parse event as a string, this returns the string value of a CHARACTERS event, returns the value of a COMMENT, the replacement value for an ENTITY_REFERENCE, the string value of a CDATA section, the string value for a SPACE event, or the String value of the internal subset of the DTD. If an ENTITY_REFERENCE has been resolved, any character data will be reported as CHARACTERS events.

return
the current text or null
throws
java.lang.IllegalStateException if this state is not a valid text state.

public char[]getTextCharacters()
Returns an array which contains the characters from this event. This array should be treated as read-only and transient. I.e. the array will contain the text characters until the XMLStreamReader moves on to the next event. Attempts to hold onto the character array beyond that time or modify the contents of the array are breaches of the contract for this interface.

return
the current text or an empty array
throws
java.lang.IllegalStateException if this state is not a valid text state.

public intgetTextCharacters(int sourceStart, char[] target, int targetStart, int length)
Gets the the text associated with a CHARACTERS, SPACE or CDATA event. Text starting a "sourceStart" is copied into "target" starting at "targetStart". Up to "length" characters are copied. The number of characters actually copied is returned. The "sourceStart" argument must be greater or equal to 0 and less than or equal to the number of characters associated with the event. Usually, one requests text starting at a "sourceStart" of 0. If the number of characters actually copied is less than the "length", then there is no more text. Otherwise, subsequent calls need to be made until all text has been retrieved. For example: int length = 1024; char[] myBuffer = new char[ length ]; for ( int sourceStart = 0 ; ; sourceStart += length ) { int nCopied = stream.getTextCharacters( sourceStart, myBuffer, 0, length ); if (nCopied < length) break; } XMLStreamException may be thrown if there are any XML errors in the underlying source. The "targetStart" argument must be greater than or equal to 0 and less than the length of "target", Length must be greater than 0 and "targetStart + length" must be less than or equal to length of "target".

param
sourceStart the index of the first character in the source array to copy
param
target the destination array
param
targetStart the start offset in the target array
param
length the number of characters to copy
return
the number of characters actually copied
throws
XMLStreamException if the underlying XML source is not well-formed
throws
IndexOutOfBoundsException if targetStart < 0 or > than the length of target
throws
IndexOutOfBoundsException if length < 0 or targetStart + length > length of target
throws
UnsupportedOperationException if this method is not supported
throws
NullPointerException is if target is null

public intgetTextLength()
Returns the length of the sequence of characters for this Text event within the text character array.

throws
java.lang.IllegalStateException if this state is not a valid text state.

public intgetTextStart()
Returns the offset into the text character array where the first character (of this text event) is stored.

throws
java.lang.IllegalStateException if this state is not a valid text state.

public java.lang.StringgetVersion()
Get the xml version declared on the xml declaration Returns null if none was declared

return
the XML version or null

public booleanhasName()
returns true if the current event has a name (is a START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT) returns false otherwise

public booleanhasNext()
Returns true if there are more parsing events and false if there are no more events. This method will return false if the current state of the XMLStreamReader is END_DOCUMENT

return
true if there are more events, false otherwise
throws
XMLStreamException if there is a fatal error detecting the next state

public booleanhasText()
Return true if the current event has text, false otherwise The following events have text: CHARACTERS,DTD ,ENTITY_REFERENCE, COMMENT, SPACE

public booleanisAttributeSpecified(int index)
Returns a boolean which indicates if this attribute was created by default

param
index the position of the attribute
return
true if this is a default attribute
throws
IllegalStateException if this is not a START_ELEMENT or ATTRIBUTE

public booleanisCharacters()
Returns true if the cursor points to a character data event

return
true if the cursor points to character data, false otherwise

public booleanisEndElement()
Returns true if the cursor points to an end tag (otherwise false)

return
true if the cursor points to an end tag, false otherwise

public booleanisStandalone()
Get the standalone declaration from the xml declaration

return
true if this is standalone, or false otherwise

public booleanisStartElement()
Returns true if the cursor points to a start tag (otherwise false)

return
true if the cursor points to a start tag, false otherwise

public booleanisWhiteSpace()
Returns true if the cursor points to a character data event that consists of all whitespace

return
true if the cursor points to all whitespace, false otherwise

public intnext()
Get next parsing event - a processor may return all contiguous character data in a single chunk, or it may split it into several chunks. If the property javax.xml.stream.isCoalescing is set to true element content must be coalesced and only one CHARACTERS event must be returned for contiguous element content or CDATA Sections. By default entity references must be expanded and reported transparently to the application. An exception will be thrown if an entity reference cannot be expanded. If element content is empty (i.e. content is "") then no CHARACTERS event will be reported.

Given the following XML:
<foo><!--description-->content text<![CDATA[<greeting>Hello</greeting>]]>other content</foo>
The behavior of calling next() when being on foo will be:
1- the comment (COMMENT)
2- then the characters section (CHARACTERS)
3- then the CDATA section (another CHARACTERS)
4- then the next characters section (another CHARACTERS)
5- then the END_ELEMENT

NOTE: empty element (such as <tag/>) will be reported with two separate events: START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT - This preserves parsing equivalency of empty element to <tag></tag>. This method will throw an IllegalStateException if it is called after hasNext() returns false.

see
javax.xml.stream.events.XMLEvent
return
the integer code corresponding to the current parse event
throws
NoSuchElementException if this is called when hasNext() returns false
throws
XMLStreamException if there is an error processing the underlying XML source

public intnextTag()
Skips any white space (isWhiteSpace() returns true), COMMENT, or PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION, until a START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT is reached. If other than white space characters, COMMENT, PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION, START_ELEMENT, END_ELEMENT are encountered, an exception is thrown. This method should be used when processing element-only content seperated by white space.
Precondition: none
Postcondition: the current event is START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT and cursor may have moved over any whitespace event.
Essentially it does the following (implementations are free to optimized but must do equivalent processing):
int eventType = next();
while((eventType == XMLStreamConstants.CHARACTERS && isWhiteSpace()) // skip whitespace
|| (eventType == XMLStreamConstants.CDATA && isWhiteSpace())
// skip whitespace
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.SPACE
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION
|| eventType == XMLStreamConstants.COMMENT
) {
eventType = next();
}
if (eventType != XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT && eventType != XMLStreamConstants.END_ELEMENT) {
throw new String XMLStreamException("expected start or end tag", getLocation());
}
return eventType;

return
the event type of the element read (START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT)
throws
XMLStreamException if the current event is not white space, PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION, START_ELEMENT or END_ELEMENT
throws
NoSuchElementException if this is called when hasNext() returns false

public voidrequire(int type, java.lang.String namespaceURI, java.lang.String localName)
Test if the current event is of the given type and if the namespace and name match the current namespace and name of the current event. If the namespaceURI is null it is not checked for equality, if the localName is null it is not checked for equality.

param
type the event type
param
namespaceURI the uri of the event, may be null
param
localName the localName of the event, may be null
throws
XMLStreamException if the required values are not matched.

public booleanstandaloneSet()
Checks if standalone was set in the document

return
true if standalone was set in the document, or false otherwise