Methods Summary |
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public boolean | add(E o)Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
addBefore(o, header);
return true;
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public void | add(int index, E element)Inserts the specified element at the specified position in this list.
Shifts the element currently at that position (if any) and any
subsequent elements to the right (adds one to their indices).
addBefore(element, (index==size ? header : entry(index)));
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public boolean | addAll(java.util.Collection c)Appends all of the elements in the specified collection to the end of
this list, in the order that they are returned by the specified
collection's iterator. The behavior of this operation is undefined if
the specified collection is modified while the operation is in
progress. (This implies that the behavior of this call is undefined if
the specified Collection is this list, and this list is nonempty.)
return addAll(size, c);
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public boolean | addAll(int index, java.util.Collection c)Inserts all of the elements in the specified collection into this
list, starting at the specified position. Shifts the element
currently at that position (if any) and any subsequent elements to
the right (increases their indices). The new elements will appear
in the list in the order that they are returned by the
specified collection's iterator.
if (index < 0 || index > size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index+
", Size: "+size);
Object[] a = c.toArray();
int numNew = a.length;
if (numNew==0)
return false;
modCount++;
Entry<E> successor = (index==size ? header : entry(index));
Entry<E> predecessor = successor.previous;
for (int i=0; i<numNew; i++) {
Entry<E> e = new Entry<E>((E)a[i], successor, predecessor);
predecessor.next = e;
predecessor = e;
}
successor.previous = predecessor;
size += numNew;
return true;
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private java.util.LinkedList$Entry | addBefore(E o, java.util.LinkedList$Entry e)
Entry<E> newEntry = new Entry<E>(o, e, e.previous);
newEntry.previous.next = newEntry;
newEntry.next.previous = newEntry;
size++;
modCount++;
return newEntry;
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public void | addFirst(E o)Inserts the given element at the beginning of this list.
addBefore(o, header.next);
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public void | addLast(E o)Appends the given element to the end of this list. (Identical in
function to the add method; included only for consistency.)
addBefore(o, header);
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public void | clear()Removes all of the elements from this list.
Entry<E> e = header.next;
while (e != header) {
Entry<E> next = e.next;
e.next = e.previous = null;
e.element = null;
e = next;
}
header.next = header.previous = header;
size = 0;
modCount++;
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public java.lang.Object | clone()Returns a shallow copy of this LinkedList. (The elements
themselves are not cloned.)
LinkedList<E> clone = null;
try {
clone = (LinkedList<E>) super.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
throw new InternalError();
}
// Put clone into "virgin" state
clone.header = new Entry<E>(null, null, null);
clone.header.next = clone.header.previous = clone.header;
clone.size = 0;
clone.modCount = 0;
// Initialize clone with our elements
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next)
clone.add(e.element);
return clone;
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public boolean | contains(java.lang.Object o)Returns true if this list contains the specified element.
More formally, returns true if and only if this list contains
at least one element e such that (o==null ? e==null
: o.equals(e)).
return indexOf(o) != -1;
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public E | element()Retrieves, but does not remove, the head (first element) of this list.
return getFirst();
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private java.util.LinkedList$Entry | entry(int index)Return the indexed entry.
if (index < 0 || index >= size)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index+
", Size: "+size);
Entry<E> e = header;
if (index < (size >> 1)) {
for (int i = 0; i <= index; i++)
e = e.next;
} else {
for (int i = size; i > index; i--)
e = e.previous;
}
return e;
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public E | get(int index)Returns the element at the specified position in this list.
return entry(index).element;
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public E | getFirst()Returns the first element in this list.
if (size==0)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return header.next.element;
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public E | getLast()Returns the last element in this list.
if (size==0)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return header.previous.element;
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public int | indexOf(java.lang.Object o)Returns the index in this list of the first occurrence of the
specified element, or -1 if the List does not contain this
element. More formally, returns the lowest index i such that
(o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))), or -1 if
there is no such index.
int index = 0;
if (o==null) {
for (Entry e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next) {
if (e.element==null)
return index;
index++;
}
} else {
for (Entry e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next) {
if (o.equals(e.element))
return index;
index++;
}
}
return -1;
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public int | lastIndexOf(java.lang.Object o)Returns the index in this list of the last occurrence of the
specified element, or -1 if the list does not contain this
element. More formally, returns the highest index i such that
(o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))), or -1 if
there is no such index.
int index = size;
if (o==null) {
for (Entry e = header.previous; e != header; e = e.previous) {
index--;
if (e.element==null)
return index;
}
} else {
for (Entry e = header.previous; e != header; e = e.previous) {
index--;
if (o.equals(e.element))
return index;
}
}
return -1;
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public java.util.ListIterator | listIterator(int index)Returns a list-iterator of the elements in this list (in proper
sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
Obeys the general contract of List.listIterator(int).
The list-iterator is fail-fast: if the list is structurally
modified at any time after the Iterator is created, in any way except
through the list-iterator's own remove or add
methods, the list-iterator will throw a
ConcurrentModificationException. Thus, in the face of
concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
time in the future.
return new ListItr(index);
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public boolean | offer(E o)Adds the specified element as the tail (last element) of this list.
return add(o);
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public E | peek()Retrieves, but does not remove, the head (first element) of this list.
if (size==0)
return null;
return getFirst();
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public E | poll()Retrieves and removes the head (first element) of this list.
if (size==0)
return null;
return removeFirst();
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private void | readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)Reconstitute this LinkedList instance from a stream (that is
deserialize it).
// Read in any hidden serialization magic
s.defaultReadObject();
// Read in size
int size = s.readInt();
// Initialize header
header = new Entry<E>(null, null, null);
header.next = header.previous = header;
// Read in all elements in the proper order.
for (int i=0; i<size; i++)
addBefore((E)s.readObject(), header);
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public boolean | remove(java.lang.Object o)Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this list. If
the list does not contain the element, it is unchanged. More formally,
removes the element with the lowest index i such that
(o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i))) (if such an
element exists).
if (o==null) {
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next) {
if (e.element==null) {
remove(e);
return true;
}
}
} else {
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next) {
if (o.equals(e.element)) {
remove(e);
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
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public E | remove(int index)Removes the element at the specified position in this list. Shifts any
subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their indices).
Returns the element that was removed from the list.
return remove(entry(index));
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public E | remove()Retrieves and removes the head (first element) of this list.
return removeFirst();
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private E | remove(java.util.LinkedList$Entry e)
if (e == header)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
E result = e.element;
e.previous.next = e.next;
e.next.previous = e.previous;
e.next = e.previous = null;
e.element = null;
size--;
modCount++;
return result;
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public E | removeFirst()Removes and returns the first element from this list.
return remove(header.next);
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public E | removeLast()Removes and returns the last element from this list.
return remove(header.previous);
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public E | set(int index, E element)Replaces the element at the specified position in this list with the
specified element.
Entry<E> e = entry(index);
E oldVal = e.element;
e.element = element;
return oldVal;
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public int | size()Returns the number of elements in this list.
return size;
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public java.lang.Object[] | toArray()Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list
in the correct order.
Object[] result = new Object[size];
int i = 0;
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next)
result[i++] = e.element;
return result;
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public T[] | toArray(T[] a)Returns an array containing all of the elements in this list in
the correct order; the runtime type of the returned array is that of
the specified array. If the list fits in the specified array, it
is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the
runtime type of the specified array and the size of this list.
If the list fits in the specified array with room to spare
(i.e., the array has more elements than the list),
the element in the array immediately following the end of the
collection is set to null. This is useful in determining the length
of the list only if the caller knows that the list
does not contain any null elements.
if (a.length < size)
a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(
a.getClass().getComponentType(), size);
int i = 0;
Object[] result = a;
for (Entry<E> e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next)
result[i++] = e.element;
if (a.length > size)
a[size] = null;
return a;
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private void | writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)Save the state of this LinkedList instance to a stream (that
is, serialize it).
// Write out any hidden serialization magic
s.defaultWriteObject();
// Write out size
s.writeInt(size);
// Write out all elements in the proper order.
for (Entry e = header.next; e != header; e = e.next)
s.writeObject(e.element);
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