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Action.javaAPI DocJava SE 5 API8029Fri Aug 26 14:57:52 BST 2005javax.swing

Action

public interface Action implements ActionListener
The Action interface provides a useful extension to the ActionListener interface in cases where the same functionality may be accessed by several controls.

In addition to the actionPerformed method defined by the ActionListener interface, this interface allows the application to define, in a single place:

  • One or more text strings that describe the function. These strings can be used, for example, to display the flyover text for a button or to set the text in a menu item.
  • One or more icons that depict the function. These icons can be used for the images in a menu control, or for composite entries in a more sophisticated user interface.
  • The enabled/disabled state of the functionality. Instead of having to separately disable the menu item and the toolbar button, the application can disable the function that implements this interface. All components which are registered as listeners for the state change then know to disable event generation for that item and to modify the display accordingly.
Certain containers, including menus and tool bars, know how to add an Action object. When an Action object is added to such a container, the container:
  1. Creates a component that is appropriate for that container (a tool bar creates a button component, for example).
  2. Gets the appropriate property(s) from the Action object to customize the component (for example, the icon image and flyover text).
  3. Checks the initial state of the Action object to determine if it is enabled or disabled, and renders the component in the appropriate fashion.
  4. Registers a listener with the Action object so that is notified of state changes. When the Action object changes from enabled to disabled, or back, the container makes the appropriate revisions to the event-generation mechanisms and renders the component accordingly.
For example, both a menu item and a toolbar button could access a Cut action object. The text associated with the object is specified as "Cut", and an image depicting a pair of scissors is specified as its icon. The Cut action-object can then be added to a menu and to a tool bar. Each container does the appropriate things with the object, and invokes its actionPerformed method when the component associated with it is activated. The application can then disable or enable the application object without worrying about what user-interface components are connected to it.

This interface can be added to an existing class or used to create an adapter (typically, by subclassing AbstractAction). The Action object can then be added to multiple Action-aware containers and connected to Action-capable components. The GUI controls can then be activated or deactivated all at once by invoking the Action object's setEnabled method.

Note that Action implementations tend to be more expensive in terms of storage than a typical ActionListener, which does not offer the benefits of centralized control of functionality and broadcast of property changes. For this reason, you should take care to only use Actions where their benefits are desired, and use simple ActionListeners elsewhere.

version
1.30 12/19/03
author
Georges Saab
see
AbstractAction

Fields Summary
public static final String
DEFAULT
Not currently used.
public static final String
NAME
The key used for storing the String name for the action, used for a menu or button.
public static final String
SHORT_DESCRIPTION
The key used for storing a short String description for the action, used for tooltip text.
public static final String
LONG_DESCRIPTION
The key used for storing a longer String description for the action, could be used for context-sensitive help.
public static final String
SMALL_ICON
The key used for storing a small Icon, such as ImageIcon, for the action, used for toolbar buttons.
public static final String
ACTION_COMMAND_KEY
The key used to determine the command String for the ActionEvent that will be created when an Action is going to be notified as the result of residing in a Keymap associated with a JComponent.
public static final String
ACCELERATOR_KEY
The key used for storing a KeyStroke to be used as the accelerator for the action.
public static final String
MNEMONIC_KEY
The key used for storing a KeyEvent to be used as the mnemonic for the action.
Constructors Summary
Methods Summary
public voidaddPropertyChangeListener(java.beans.PropertyChangeListener listener)
Adds a PropertyChange listener. Containers and attached components use these methods to register interest in this Action object. When its enabled state or other property changes, the registered listeners are informed of the change.

param
listener a PropertyChangeListener object

public java.lang.ObjectgetValue(java.lang.String key)
Gets one of this object's properties using the associated key.

see
#putValue

public booleanisEnabled()
Returns the enabled state of the Action. When enabled, any component associated with this object is active and able to fire this object's actionPerformed method.

return
true if this Action is enabled

public voidputValue(java.lang.String key, java.lang.Object value)
Sets one of this object's properties using the associated key. If the value has changed, a PropertyChangeEvent is sent to listeners.

param
key a String containing the key
param
value an Object value

public voidremovePropertyChangeListener(java.beans.PropertyChangeListener listener)
Removes a PropertyChange listener.

param
listener a PropertyChangeListener object
see
#addPropertyChangeListener

public voidsetEnabled(boolean b)
Sets the enabled state of the Action. When enabled, any component associated with this object is active and able to fire this object's actionPerformed method. If the value has changed, a PropertyChangeEvent is sent to listeners.

param
b true to enable this Action, false to disable it