/*
* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package android.app;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.ServiceManager;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
/**
* This class provides access to the system search services.
*
* <p>In practice, you won't interact with this class directly, as search
* services are provided through methods in {@link android.app.Activity Activity}
* methods and the the {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH}
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent}. This class does provide a basic
* overview of search services and how to integrate them with your activities.
* If you do require direct access to the Search Manager, do not instantiate
* this class directly; instead, retrieve it through
* {@link android.content.Context#getSystemService
* context.getSystemService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE)}.
*
* <p>Topics covered here:
* <ol>
* <li><a href="#DeveloperGuide">Developer Guide</a>
* <li><a href="#HowSearchIsInvoked">How Search Is Invoked</a>
* <li><a href="#QuerySearchApplications">Query-Search Applications</a>
* <li><a href="#FilterSearchApplications">Filter-Search Applications</a>
* <li><a href="#Suggestions">Search Suggestions</a>
* <li><a href="#ActionKeys">Action Keys</a>
* <li><a href="#SearchabilityMetadata">Searchability Metadata</a>
* <li><a href="#PassingSearchContext">Passing Search Context</a>
* <li><a href="#ProtectingUserPrivacy">Protecting User Privacy</a>
* </ol>
*
* <a name="DeveloperGuide"></a>
* <h3>Developer Guide</h3>
*
* <p>The ability to search for user, system, or network based data is considered to be
* a core user-level feature of the android platform. At any time, the user should be
* able to use a familiar command, button, or keystroke to invoke search, and the user
* should be able to search any data which is available to them. The goal is to make search
* appear to the user as a seamless, system-wide feature.
*
* <p>In terms of implementation, there are three broad classes of Applications:
* <ol>
* <li>Applications that are not inherently searchable</li>
* <li>Query-Search Applications</li>
* <li>Filter-Search Applications</li>
* </ol>
* <p>These categories, as well as related topics, are discussed in
* the sections below.
*
* <p>Even if your application is not <i>searchable</i>, it can still support the invocation of
* search. Please review the section <a href="#HowSearchIsInvoked">How Search Is Invoked</a>
* for more information on how to support this.
*
* <p>Many applications are <i>searchable</i>. These are
* the applications which can convert a query string into a list of results.
* Within this subset, applications can be grouped loosely into two families:
* <ul><li><i>Query Search</i> applications perform batch-mode searches - each query string is
* converted to a list of results.</li>
* <li><i>Filter Search</i> applications provide live filter-as-you-type searches.</li></ul>
* <p>Generally speaking, you would use query search for network-based data, and filter
* search for local data, but this is not a hard requirement and applications
* are free to use the model that fits them best (or invent a new model).
* <p>It should be clear that the search implementation decouples "search
* invocation" from "searchable". This satisfies the goal of making search appear
* to be "universal". The user should be able to launch any search from
* almost any context.
*
* <a name="HowSearchIsInvoked"></a>
* <h3>How Search Is Invoked</h3>
*
* <p>Unless impossible or inapplicable, all applications should support
* invoking the search UI. This means that when the user invokes the search command,
* a search UI will be presented to them. The search command is currently defined as a menu
* item called "Search" (with an alphabetic shortcut key of "S"), or on some devices, a dedicated
* search button key.
* <p>If your application is not inherently searchable, you can also allow the search UI
* to be invoked in a "web search" mode. If the user enters a search term and clicks the
* "Search" button, this will bring the browser to the front and will launch a web-based
* search. The user will be able to click the "Back" button and return to your application.
* <p>In general this is implemented by your activity, or the {@link android.app.Activity Activity}
* base class, which captures the search command and invokes the Search Manager to
* display and operate the search UI. You can also cause the search UI to be presented in response
* to user keystrokes in your activity (for example, to instantly start filter searching while
* viewing a list and typing any key).
* <p>The search UI is presented as a floating
* window and does not cause any change in the activity stack. If the user
* cancels search, the previous activity re-emerges. If the user launches a
* search, this will be done by sending a search {@link android.content.Intent Intent} (see below),
* and the normal intent-handling sequence will take place (your activity will pause,
* etc.)
* <p><b>What you need to do:</b> First, you should consider the way in which you want to
* handle invoking search. There are four broad (and partially overlapping) categories for
* you to choose from.
* <ul><li>You can capture the search command yourself, by including a <i>search</i>
* button or menu item - and invoking the search UI directly.</li>
* <li>You can provide a <i>type-to-search</i> feature, in which search is invoked automatically
* when the user enters any characters.</li>
* <li>Even if your application is not inherently searchable, you can allow web search,
* via the search key (or even via a search menu item).
* <li>You can disable search entirely. This should only be used in very rare circumstances,
* as search is a system-wide feature and users will expect it to be available in all contexts.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p><b>How to define a search menu.</b> The system provides the following resources which may
* be useful when adding a search item to your menu:
* <ul><li>android.R.drawable.ic_search_category_default is an icon you can use in your menu.</li>
* <li>{@link #MENU_KEY SearchManager.MENU_KEY} is the recommended alphabetic shortcut.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p><b>How to invoke search directly.</b> In order to invoke search directly, from a button
* or menu item, you can launch a generic search by calling
* {@link android.app.Activity#onSearchRequested onSearchRequested} as shown:
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* onSearchRequested();</pre>
*
* <p><b>How to implement type-to-search.</b> While setting up your activity, call
* {@link android.app.Activity#setDefaultKeyMode setDefaultKeyMode}:
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* setDefaultKeyMode(DEFAULT_KEYS_SEARCH_LOCAL); // search within your activity
* setDefaultKeyMode(DEFAULT_KEYS_SEARCH_GLOBAL); // search using platform global search</pre>
*
* <p><b>How to enable web-based search.</b> In addition to searching within your activity or
* application, you can also use the Search Manager to invoke a platform-global search, typically
* a web search. There are two ways to do this:
* <ul><li>You can simply define "search" within your application or activity to mean global search.
* This is described in more detail in the
* <a href="#SearchabilityMetadata">Searchability Metadata</a> section. Briefly, you will
* add a single meta-data entry to your manifest, declaring that the default search
* for your application is "*". This indicates to the system that no application-specific
* search activity is provided, and that it should launch web-based search instead.</li>
* <li>You can specify this at invocation time via default keys (see above), overriding
* {@link android.app.Activity#onSearchRequested}, or via a direct call to
* {@link android.app.Activity#startSearch}. This is most useful if you wish to provide local
* searchability <i>and</i> access to global search.</li></ul>
*
* <p><b>How to disable search from your activity.</b> search is a system-wide feature and users
* will expect it to be available in all contexts. If your UI design absolutely precludes
* launching search, override {@link android.app.Activity#onSearchRequested onSearchRequested}
* as shown:
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* @Override
* public boolean onSearchRequested() {
* return false;
* }</pre>
*
* <p><b>Managing focus and knowing if Search is active.</b> The search UI is not a separate
* activity, and when the UI is invoked or dismissed, your activity will not typically be paused,
* resumed, or otherwise notified by the methods defined in
* <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/fundamentals.html#actlife">Application Fundamentals:
* Activity Lifecycle</a>. The search UI is
* handled in the same way as other system UI elements which may appear from time to time, such as
* notifications, screen locks, or other system alerts:
* <p>When the search UI appears, your activity will lose input focus.
* <p>When the search activity is dismissed, there are three possible outcomes:
* <ul><li>If the user simply canceled the search UI, your activity will regain input focus and
* proceed as before. See {@link #setOnDismissListener} and {@link #setOnCancelListener} if you
* required direct notification of search dialog dismissals.</li>
* <li>If the user launched a search, and this required switching to another activity to receive
* and process the search {@link android.content.Intent Intent}, your activity will receive the
* normal sequence of activity pause or stop notifications.</li>
* <li>If the user launched a search, and the current activity is the recipient of the search
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent}, you will receive notification via the
* {@link android.app.Activity#onNewIntent onNewIntent()} method.</li></ul>
* <p>This list is provided in order to clarify the ways in which your activities will interact with
* the search UI. More details on searchable activities and search intents are provided in the
* sections below.
*
* <a name="QuerySearchApplications"></a>
* <h3>Query-Search Applications</h3>
*
* <p>Query-search applications are those that take a single query (e.g. a search
* string) and present a set of results that may fit. Primary examples include
* web queries, map lookups, or email searches (with the common thread being
* network query dispatch). It may also be the case that certain local searches
* are treated this way. It's up to the application to decide.
*
* <p><b>What you need to do:</b> The following steps are necessary in order to
* implement query search.
* <ul>
* <li>Implement search invocation as described above. (Strictly speaking,
* these are decoupled, but it would make little sense to be "searchable" but not
* "search-invoking".)</li>
* <li>Your application should have an activity that takes a search string and
* converts it to a list of results. This could be your primary display activity
* or it could be a dedicated search results activity. This is your <i>searchable</i>
* activity and every query-search application must have one.</li>
* <li>In the searchable activity, in onCreate(), you must receive and handle the
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH}
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent}. The text to search (query string) for is provided by
* calling
* {@link #QUERY getStringExtra(SearchManager.QUERY)}.</li>
* <li>To identify and support your searchable activity, you'll need to
* provide an XML file providing searchability configuration parameters, a reference to that
* in your searchable activity's <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a>
* entry, and an intent-filter declaring that you can
* receive ACTION_SEARCH intents. This is described in more detail in the
* <a href="#SearchabilityMetadata">Searchability Metadata</a> section.</li>
* <li>Your <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a> also needs a metadata entry
* providing a global reference to the searchable activity. This is the "glue" directing the search
* UI, when invoked from any of your <i>other</i> activities, to use your application as the
* default search context. This is also described in more detail in the
* <a href="#SearchabilityMetadata">Searchability Metadata</a> section.</li>
* <li>Finally, you may want to define your search results activity as with the
* {@link android.R.attr#launchMode singleTop} launchMode flag. This allows the system
* to launch searches from/to the same activity without creating a pile of them on the
* activity stack. If you do this, be sure to also override
* {@link android.app.Activity#onNewIntent onNewIntent} to handle the
* updated intents (with new queries) as they arrive.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>Code snippet showing handling of intents in your search activity:
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* @Override
* protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
* super.onCreate(icicle);
*
* final Intent queryIntent = getIntent();
* final String queryAction = queryIntent.getAction();
* if (Intent.ACTION_SEARCH.equals(queryAction)) {
* doSearchWithIntent(queryIntent);
* }
* }
*
* private void doSearchWithIntent(final Intent queryIntent) {
* final String queryString = queryIntent.getStringExtra(SearchManager.QUERY);
* doSearchWithQuery(queryString);
* }</pre>
*
* <a name="FilterSearchApplications"></a>
* <h3>Filter-Search Applications</h3>
*
* <p>Filter-search applications are those that use live text entry (e.g. keystrokes)) to
* display and continuously update a list of results. Primary examples include applications
* that use locally-stored data.
*
* <p>Filter search is not directly supported by the Search Manager. Most filter search
* implementations will use variants of {@link android.widget.Filterable}, such as a
* {@link android.widget.ListView} bound to a {@link android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter}. However,
* you may find it useful to mix them together, by declaring your filtered view searchable. With
* this configuration, you can still present the standard search dialog in all activities
* within your application, but transition to a filtered search when you enter the activity
* and display the results.
*
* <a name="Suggestions"></a>
* <h3>Search Suggestions</h3>
*
* <p>A powerful feature of the Search Manager is the ability of any application to easily provide
* live "suggestions" in order to prompt the user. Each application implements suggestions in a
* different, unique, and appropriate way. Suggestions be drawn from many sources, including but
* not limited to:
* <ul>
* <li>Actual searchable results (e.g. names in the address book)</li>
* <li>Recently entered queries</li>
* <li>Recently viewed data or results</li>
* <li>Contextually appropriate queries or results</li>
* <li>Summaries of possible results</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>Another feature of suggestions is that they can expose queries or results before the user
* ever visits the application. This reduces the amount of context switching required, and helps
* the user access their data quickly and with less context shifting. In order to provide this
* capability, suggestions are accessed via a
* {@link android.content.ContentProvider Content Provider}.
*
* <p>The primary form of suggestions is known as <i>queried suggestions</i> and is based on query
* text that the user has already typed. This would generally be based on partial matches in
* the available data. In certain situations - for example, when no query text has been typed yet -
* an application may also opt to provide <i>zero-query suggestions</i>.
* These would typically be drawn from the same data source, but because no partial query text is
* available, they should be weighted based on other factors - for example, most recent queries
* or most recent results.
*
* <p><b>Overview of how suggestions are provided.</b> When the search manager identifies a
* particular activity as searchable, it will check for certain metadata which indicates that
* there is also a source of suggestions. If suggestions are provided, the following steps are
* taken.
* <ul><li>Using formatting information found in the metadata, the user's query text (whatever
* has been typed so far) will be formatted into a query and sent to the suggestions
* {@link android.content.ContentProvider Content Provider}.</li>
* <li>The suggestions {@link android.content.ContentProvider Content Provider} will create a
* {@link android.database.Cursor Cursor} which can iterate over the possible suggestions.</li>
* <li>The search manager will populate a list using display data found in each row of the cursor,
* and display these suggestions to the user.</li>
* <li>If the user types another key, or changes the query in any way, the above steps are repeated
* and the suggestions list is updated or repopulated.</li>
* <li>If the user clicks or touches the "GO" button, the suggestions are ignored and the search is
* launched using the normal {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} type of
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent}.</li>
* <li>If the user uses the directional controls to navigate the focus into the suggestions list,
* the query text will be updated while the user navigates from suggestion to suggestion. The user
* can then click or touch the updated query and edit it further. If the user navigates back to
* the edit field, the original typed query is restored.</li>
* <li>If the user clicks or touches a particular suggestion, then a combination of data from the
* cursor and
* values found in the metadata are used to synthesize an Intent and send it to the application.
* Depending on the design of the activity and the way it implements search, this might be a
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} (in order to launch a query), or it
* might be a {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_VIEW ACTION_VIEW}, in order to proceed directly
* to display of specific data.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p><b>Simple Recent-Query-Based Suggestions.</b> The Android framework provides a simple Search
* Suggestions provider, which simply records and replays recent queries. For many applications,
* this will be sufficient. The basic steps you will need to
* do, in order to use the built-in recent queries suggestions provider, are as follows:
* <ul>
* <li>Implement and test query search, as described in the previous sections.</li>
* <li>Create a Provider within your application by extending
* {@link android.content.SearchRecentSuggestionsProvider}.</li>
* <li>Create a manifest entry describing your provider.</li>
* <li>Update your searchable activity's XML configuration file with information about your
* provider.</li>
* <li>In your searchable activities, capture any user-generated queries and record them
* for future searches by calling {@link android.provider.SearchRecentSuggestions#saveRecentQuery}.
* </li>
* </ul>
* <p>For complete implementation details, please refer to
* {@link android.content.SearchRecentSuggestionsProvider}. The rest of the information in this
* section should not be necessary, as it refers to custom suggestions providers.
*
* <p><b>Creating a Customized Suggestions Provider:</b> In order to create more sophisticated
* suggestion providers, you'll need to take the following steps:
* <ul>
* <li>Implement and test query search, as described in the previous sections.</li>
* <li>Decide how you wish to <i>receive</i> suggestions. Just like queries that the user enters,
* suggestions will be delivered to your searchable activity as
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent} messages; Unlike simple queries, you have quite a bit of
* flexibility in forming those intents. A query search application will probably
* wish to continue receiving the {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH}
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent}, which will launch a query search using query text as
* provided by the suggestion. A filter search application will probably wish to
* receive the {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_VIEW ACTION_VIEW}
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent}, which will take the user directly to a selected entry.
* Other interesting suggestions, including hybrids, are possible, and the suggestion provider
* can easily mix-and-match results to provide a richer set of suggestions for the user. Finally,
* you'll need to update your searchable activity (or other activities) to receive the intents
* as you've defined them.</li>
* <li>Implement a Content Provider that provides suggestions. If you already have one, and it
* has access to your suggestions data. If not, you'll have to create one.
* You'll also provide information about your Content Provider in your
* package's <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a>.</li>
* <li>Update your searchable activity's XML configuration file. There are two categories of
* information used for suggestions:
* <ul><li>The first is (required) data that the search manager will
* use to format the queries which are sent to the Content Provider.</li>
* <li>The second is (optional) parameters to configure structure
* if intents generated by suggestions.</li></li>
* </ul>
* </ul>
*
* <p><b>Configuring your Content Provider to Receive Suggestion Queries.</b> The basic job of
* a search suggestions {@link android.content.ContentProvider Content Provider} is to provide
* "live" (while-you-type) conversion of the user's query text into a set of zero or more
* suggestions. Each application is free to define the conversion, and as described above there are
* many possible solutions. This section simply defines how to communicate with the suggestion
* provider.
*
* <p>The Search Manager must first determine if your package provides suggestions. This is done
* by examination of your searchable meta-data XML file. The android:searchSuggestAuthority
* attribute, if provided, is the signal to obtain & display suggestions.
*
* <p>Every query includes a Uri, and the Search Manager will format the Uri as shown:
* <p><pre class="prettyprint">
* content:// your.suggest.authority / your.suggest.path / SearchManager.SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY</pre>
*
* <p>Your Content Provider can receive the query text in one of two ways.
* <ul>
* <li><b>Query provided as a selection argument.</b> If you define the attribute value
* android:searchSuggestSelection and include a string, this string will be passed as the
* <i>selection</i> parameter to your Content Provider's query function. You must define a single
* selection argument, using the '?' character. The user's query text will be passed to you
* as the first element of the selection arguments array.</li>
* <li><b>Query provided with Data Uri.</b> If you <i>do not</i> define the attribute value
* android:searchSuggestSelection, then the Search Manager will append another "/" followed by
* the user's query to the query Uri. The query will be encoding using Uri encoding rules - don't
* forget to decode it. (See {@link android.net.Uri#getPathSegments} and
* {@link android.net.Uri#getLastPathSegment} for helpful utilities you can use here.)</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p><b>Handling empty queries.</b> Your application should handle the "empty query"
* (no user text entered) case properly, and generate useful suggestions in this case. There are a
* number of ways to do this; Two are outlined here:
* <ul><li>For a simple filter search of local data, you could simply present the entire dataset,
* unfiltered. (example: People)</li>
* <li>For a query search, you could simply present the most recent queries. This allows the user
* to quickly repeat a recent search.</li></ul>
*
* <p><b>The Format of Individual Suggestions.</b> Your suggestions are communicated back to the
* Search Manager by way of a {@link android.database.Cursor Cursor}. The Search Manager will
* usually pass a null Projection, which means that your provider can simply return all appropriate
* columns for each suggestion. The columns currently defined are:
*
* <table border="2" width="85%" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
*
* <thead>
* <tr><th>Column Name</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Required?</th></tr>
* </thead>
*
* <tbody>
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_FORMAT}</th>
* <td><i>Unused - can be null.</i></td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1}</th>
* <td>This is the line of text that will be presented to the user as the suggestion.</td>
* <td align="center">Yes</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2}</th>
* <td>If your cursor includes this column, then all suggestions will be provided in a
* two-line format. The data in this column will be displayed as a second, smaller
* line of text below the primary suggestion, or it can be null or empty to indicate no
* text in this row's suggestion.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1}</th>
* <td>If your cursor includes this column, then all suggestions will be provided in an
* icons+text format. This value should be a reference (resource ID) of the icon to
* draw on the left side, or it can be null or zero to indicate no icon in this row.
* You must provide both cursor columns, or neither.
* </td>
* <td align="center">No, but required if you also have {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2}</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2}</th>
* <td>If your cursor includes this column, then all suggestions will be provided in an
* icons+text format. This value should be a reference (resource ID) of the icon to
* draw on the right side, or it can be null or zero to indicate no icon in this row.
* You must provide both cursor columns, or neither.
* </td>
* <td align="center">No, but required if you also have {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1}</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_ACTION}</th>
* <td>If this column exists <i>and</i> this element exists at the given row, this is the
* action that will be used when forming the suggestion's intent. If the element is
* not provided, the action will be taken from the android:searchSuggestIntentAction
* field in your XML metadata. <i>At least one of these must be present for the
* suggestion to generate an intent.</i> Note: If your action is the same for all
* suggestions, it is more efficient to specify it using XML metadata and omit it from
* the cursor.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA}</th>
* <td>If this column exists <i>and</i> this element exists at the given row, this is the
* data that will be used when forming the suggestion's intent. If the element is not
* provided, the data will be taken from the android:searchSuggestIntentData field in
* your XML metadata. If neither source is provided, the Intent's data field will be
* null. Note: If your data is the same for all suggestions, or can be described
* using a constant part and a specific ID, it is more efficient to specify it using
* XML metadata and omit it from the cursor.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID}</th>
* <td>If this column exists <i>and</i> this element exists at the given row, then "/" and
* this value will be appended to the data field in the Intent. This should only be
* used if the data field has already been set to an appropriate base string.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>{@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_QUERY}</th>
* <td>If this column exists <i>and</i> this element exists at the given row, this is the
* data that will be used when forming the suggestion's query.</td>
* <td align="center">Required if suggestion's action is
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH}, optional otherwise.</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th><i>Other Columns</i></th>
* <td>Finally, if you have defined any <a href="#ActionKeys">Action Keys</a> and you wish
* for them to have suggestion-specific definitions, you'll need to define one
* additional column per action key. The action key will only trigger if the
* currently-selection suggestion has a non-empty string in the corresponding column.
* See the section on <a href="#ActionKeys">Action Keys</a> for additional details and
* implementation steps.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* </tbody>
* </table>
*
* <p>Clearly there are quite a few permutations of your suggestion data, but in the next section
* we'll look at a few simple combinations that you'll select from.
*
* <p><b>The Format Of Intents Sent By Search Suggestions.</b> Although there are many ways to
* configure these intents, this document will provide specific information on just a few of them.
* <ul><li><b>Launch a query.</b> In this model, each suggestion represents a query that your
* searchable activity can perform, and the {@link android.content.Intent Intent} will be formatted
* exactly like those sent when the user enters query text and clicks the "GO" button:
* <ul>
* <li><b>Action:</b> {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} provided
* using your XML metadata (android:searchSuggestIntentAction).</li>
* <li><b>Data:</b> empty (not used).</li>
* <li><b>Query:</b> query text supplied by the cursor.</li>
* </ul>
* </li>
* <li><b>Go directly to a result, using a complete Data Uri.</b> In this model, the user will be
* taken directly to a specific result.
* <ul>
* <li><b>Action:</b> {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_VIEW ACTION_VIEW}</li>
* <li><b>Data:</b> a complete Uri, supplied by the cursor, that identifies the desired data.</li>
* <li><b>Query:</b> query text supplied with the suggestion (probably ignored)</li>
* </ul>
* </li>
* <li><b>Go directly to a result, using a synthesized Data Uri.</b> This has the same result
* as the previous suggestion, but provides the Data Uri in a different way.
* <ul>
* <li><b>Action:</b> {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_VIEW ACTION_VIEW}</li>
* <li><b>Data:</b> The search manager will assemble a Data Uri using the following elements:
* a Uri fragment provided in your XML metadata (android:searchSuggestIntentData), followed by
* a single "/", followed by the value found in the {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID}
* entry in your cursor.</li>
* <li><b>Query:</b> query text supplied with the suggestion (probably ignored)</li>
* </ul>
* </li>
* </ul>
* <p>This list is not meant to be exhaustive. Applications should feel free to define other types
* of suggestions. For example, you could reduce long lists of results to summaries, and use one
* of the above intents (or one of your own) with specially formatted Data Uri's to display more
* detailed results. Or you could display textual shortcuts as suggestions, but launch a display
* in a more data-appropriate format such as media artwork.
*
* <p><b>Suggestion Rewriting.</b> If the user navigates through the suggestions list, the UI
* may temporarily rewrite the user's query with a query that matches the currently selected
* suggestion. This enables the user to see what query is being suggested, and also allows the user
* to click or touch in the entry EditText element and make further edits to the query before
* dispatching it. In order to perform this correctly, the Search UI needs to know exactly what
* text to rewrite the query with.
*
* <p>For each suggestion, the following logic is used to select a new query string:
* <ul><li>If the suggestion provides an explicit value in the {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_QUERY}
* column, this value will be used.</li>
* <li>If the metadata includes the queryRewriteFromData flag, and the suggestion provides an
* explicit value for the intent Data field, this Uri will be used. Note that this should only be
* used with Uri's that are intended to be user-visible, such as HTTP. Internal Uri schemes should
* not be used in this way.</li>
* <li>If the metadata includes the queryRewriteFromText flag, the text in
* {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1} will be used. This should be used for suggestions in which no
* query text is provided and the SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA values are not suitable for user
* inspection and editing.</li></ul>
*
* <a name="ActionKeys"></a>
* <h3>Action Keys</h3>
*
* <p>Searchable activities may also wish to provide shortcuts based on the various action keys
* available on the device. The most basic example of this is the contacts app, which enables the
* green "dial" key for quick access during searching. Not all action keys are available on
* every device, and not all are allowed to be overriden in this way. (For example, the "Home"
* key must always return to the home screen, with no exceptions.)
*
* <p>In order to define action keys for your searchable application, you must do two things.
*
* <ul>
* <li>You'll add one or more <i>actionkey</i> elements to your searchable metadata configuration
* file. Each element defines one of the keycodes you are interested in,
* defines the conditions under which they are sent, and provides details
* on how to communicate the action key event back to your searchable activity.</li>
* <li>In your broadcast receiver, if you wish, you can check for action keys by checking the
* extras field of the {@link android.content.Intent Intent}.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p><b>Updating metadata.</b> For each keycode of interest, you must add an <actionkey>
* element. Within this element you must define two or three attributes. The first attribute,
* <android:keycode>, is required; It is the key code of the action key event, as defined in
* {@link android.view.KeyEvent}. The remaining two attributes define the value of the actionkey's
* <i>message</i>, which will be passed to your searchable activity in the
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent} (see below for more details). Although each of these
* attributes is optional, you must define one or both for the action key to have any effect.
* <android:queryActionMsg> provides the message that will be sent if the action key is
* pressed while the user is simply entering query text. <android:suggestActionMsgColumn>
* is used when action keys are tied to specific suggestions. This attribute provides the name
* of a <i>column</i> in your suggestion cursor; The individual suggestion, in that column,
* provides the message. (If the cell is empty or null, that suggestion will not work with that
* action key.)
* <p>See the <a href="#SearchabilityMetadata">Searchability Metadata</a> section for more details
* and examples.
*
* <p><b>Receiving Action Keys</b> Intents launched by action keys will be specially marked
* using a combination of values. This enables your searchable application to examine the intent,
* if necessary, and perform special processing. For example, clicking a suggested contact might
* simply display them; Selecting a suggested contact and clicking the dial button might
* immediately call them.
*
* <p>When a search {@link android.content.Intent Intent} is launched by an action key, two values
* will be added to the extras field.
* <ul>
* <li>To examine the key code, use {@link android.content.Intent#getIntExtra
* getIntExtra(SearchManager.ACTION_KEY)}.</li>
* <li>To examine the message string, use {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra
* getStringExtra(SearchManager.ACTION_MSG)}</li>
* </ul>
*
* <a name="SearchabilityMetadata"></a>
* <h3>Searchability Metadata</h3>
*
* <p>Every activity that is searchable must provide a small amount of additional information
* in order to properly configure the search system. This controls the way that your search
* is presented to the user, and controls for the various modalities described previously.
*
* <p>If your application is not searchable,
* then you do not need to provide any search metadata, and you can skip the rest of this section.
* When this search metadata cannot be found, the search manager will assume that the activity
* does not implement search. (Note: to implement web-based search, you will need to add
* the android.app.default_searchable metadata to your manifest, as shown below.)
*
* <p>Values you supply in metadata apply only to each local searchable activity. Each
* searchable activity can define a completely unique search experience relevant to its own
* capabilities and user experience requirements, and a single application can even define multiple
* searchable activities.
*
* <p><b>Metadata for searchable activity.</b> As with your search implementations described
* above, you must first identify which of your activities is searchable. In the
* <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a> entry for this activity, you must
* provide two elements:
* <ul><li>An intent-filter specifying that you can receive and process the
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} {@link android.content.Intent Intent}.
* </li>
* <li>A reference to a small XML file (typically called "searchable.xml") which contains the
* remaining configuration information for how your application implements search.</li></ul>
*
* <p>Here is a snippet showing the necessary elements in the
* <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a> entry for your searchable activity.
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* <!-- Search Activity - searchable -->
* <activity android:name="MySearchActivity"
* android:label="Search"
* android:launchMode="singleTop">
* <intent-filter>
* <action android:name="android.intent.action.SEARCH" />
* <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
* </intent-filter>
* <meta-data android:name="android.app.searchable"
* android:resource="@xml/searchable" />
* </activity></pre>
*
* <p>Next, you must provide the rest of the searchability configuration in
* the small XML file, stored in the ../xml/ folder in your build. The XML file is a
* simple enumeration of the search configuration parameters for searching within this activity,
* application, or package. Here is a sample XML file (named searchable.xml, for use with
* the above manifest) for a query-search activity.
*
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* <searchable xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
* android:label="@string/search_label"
* android:hint="@string/search_hint" >
* </searchable></pre>
*
* <p>Note that all user-visible strings <i>must</i> be provided in the form of "@string"
* references. Hard-coded strings, which cannot be localized, will not work properly in search
* metadata.
*
* <p>Attributes you can set in search metadata:
* <table border="2" width="85%" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
*
* <thead>
* <tr><th>Attribute</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Required?</th></tr>
* </thead>
*
* <tbody>
* <tr><th>android:label</th>
* <td>This is the name for your application that will be presented to the user in a
* list of search targets, or in the search box as a label.</td>
* <td align="center">Yes</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:icon</th>
* <td>If provided, this icon will be used <i>in place</i> of the label string. This
* is provided in order to present logos or other non-textual banners.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:hint</th>
* <td>This is the text to display in the search text field when no user text has been
* entered.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:searchButtonText</th>
* <td>If provided, this text will replace the default text in the "Search" button.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:searchMode</th>
* <td>If provided and non-zero, sets additional modes for control of the search
* presentation. The following mode bits are defined:
* <table border="2" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
* <tbody>
* <tr><th>showSearchLabelAsBadge</th>
* <td>If set, this flag enables the display of the search target (label)
* within the search bar. If this flag and showSearchIconAsBadge
* (see below) are both not set, no badge will be shown.</td>
* </tr>
* <tr><th>showSearchIconAsBadge</th>
* <td>If set, this flag enables the display of the search target (icon) within
* the search bar. If this flag and showSearchLabelAsBadge
* (see above) are both not set, no badge will be shown. If both flags
* are set, showSearchIconAsBadge has precedence and the icon will be
* shown.</td>
* </tr>
* <tr><th>queryRewriteFromData</th>
* <td>If set, this flag causes the suggestion column SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA
* to be considered as the text for suggestion query rewriting. This should
* only be used when the values in SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA are suitable
* for user inspection and editing - typically, HTTP/HTTPS Uri's.</td>
* </tr>
* <tr><th>queryRewriteFromText</th>
* <td>If set, this flag causes the suggestion column SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1 to
* be considered as the text for suggestion query rewriting. This should
* be used for suggestions in which no query text is provided and the
* SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA values are not suitable for user inspection
* and editing.</td>
* </tr>
* </tbody>
* </table></td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:inputType</th>
* <td>If provided, supplies a hint about the type of search text the user will be
* entering. For most searches, in which free form text is expected, this attribute
* need not be provided. Suitable values for this attribute are described in the
* <a href="../R.attr.html#inputType">inputType</a> attribute.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
* <tr><th>android:imeOptions</th>
* <td>If provided, supplies additional options for the input method.
* For most searches, in which free form text is expected, this attribute
* need not be provided, and will default to "actionSearch".
* Suitable values for this attribute are described in the
* <a href="../R.attr.html#imeOptions">imeOptions</a> attribute.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* </tbody>
* </table>
*
* <p><b>Styleable Resources in your Metadata.</b> It's possible to provide alternate strings
* for your searchable application, in order to provide localization and/or to better visual
* presentation on different device configurations. Each searchable activity has a single XML
* metadata file, but any resource references can be replaced at runtime based on device
* configuration, language setting, and other system inputs.
*
* <p>A concrete example is the "hint" text you supply using the android:searchHint attribute.
* In portrait mode you'll have less screen space and may need to provide a shorter string, but
* in landscape mode you can provide a longer, more descriptive hint. To do this, you'll need to
* define two or more strings.xml files, in the following directories:
* <ul><li>.../res/values-land/strings.xml</li>
* <li>.../res/values-port/strings.xml</li>
* <li>.../res/values/strings.xml</li></ul>
*
* <p>For more complete documentation on this capability, see
* <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/resources/resources-i18n.html#AlternateResources">Resources and
* Internationalization: Alternate Resources</a>.
*
* <p><b>Metadata for non-searchable activities.</b> Activities which are part of a searchable
* application, but don't implement search itself, require a bit of "glue" in order to cause
* them to invoke search using your searchable activity as their primary context. If this is not
* provided, then searches from these activities will use the system default search context.
*
* <p>The simplest way to specify this is to add a <i>search reference</i> element to the
* application entry in the <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a> file.
* The value of this reference can be either of:
* <ul><li>The name of your searchable activity.
* It is typically prefixed by '.' to indicate that it's in the same package.</li>
* <li>A "*" indicates that the system may select a default searchable activity, in which
* case it will typically select web-based search.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>Here is a snippet showing the necessary addition to the manifest entry for your
* non-searchable activities.
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* <application>
* <meta-data android:name="android.app.default_searchable"
* android:value=".MySearchActivity" />
*
* <!-- followed by activities, providers, etc... -->
* </application></pre>
*
* <p>You can also specify android.app.default_searchable on a per-activity basis, by including
* the meta-data element (as shown above) in one or more activity sections. If found, these will
* override the reference in the application section. The only reason to configure your application
* this way would be if you wish to partition it into separate sections with different search
* behaviors; Otherwise this configuration is not recommended.
*
* <p><b>Additional metadata for search suggestions.</b> If you have defined a content provider
* to generate search suggestions, you'll need to publish it to the system, and you'll need to
* provide a bit of additional XML metadata in order to configure communications with it.
*
* <p>First, in your <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a>, you'll add the
* following lines.
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* <!-- Content provider for search suggestions -->
* <provider android:name="YourSuggestionProviderClass"
* android:authorities="your.suggestion.authority" /></pre>
*
* <p>Next, you'll add a few lines to your XML metadata file, as shown:
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* <!-- Required attribute for any suggestions provider -->
* android:searchSuggestAuthority="your.suggestion.authority"
*
* <!-- Optional attribute for configuring queries -->
* android:searchSuggestSelection="field =?"
*
* <!-- Optional attributes for configuring intent construction -->
* android:searchSuggestIntentAction="intent action string"
* android:searchSuggestIntentData="intent data Uri" /></pre>
*
* <p>Elements of search metadata that support suggestions:
* <table border="2" width="85%" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
*
* <thead>
* <tr><th>Attribute</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Required?</th></tr>
* </thead>
*
* <tbody>
* <tr><th>android:searchSuggestAuthority</th>
* <td>This value must match the authority string provided in the <i>provider</i> section
* of your <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/manifest/manifest-intro.html">manifest</a>.</td>
* <td align="center">Yes</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:searchSuggestPath</th>
* <td>If provided, this will be inserted in the suggestions query Uri, after the authority
* you have provide but before the standard suggestions path. This is only required if
* you have a single content provider issuing different types of suggestions (e.g. for
* different data types) and you need a way to disambiguate the suggestions queries
* when they are received.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:searchSuggestSelection</th>
* <td>If provided, this value will be passed into your query function as the
* <i>selection</i> parameter. Typically this will be a WHERE clause for your database,
* and will contain a single question mark, which represents the actual query string
* that has been typed by the user. However, you can also use any non-null value
* to simply trigger the delivery of the query text (via selection arguments), and then
* use the query text in any way appropriate for your provider (ignoring the actual
* text of the selection parameter.)</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:searchSuggestIntentAction</th>
* <td>If provided, and not overridden by the selected suggestion, this value will be
* placed in the action field of the {@link android.content.Intent Intent} when the
* user clicks a suggestion.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
*
* <tr><th>android:searchSuggestIntentData</th>
* <td>If provided, and not overridden by the selected suggestion, this value will be
* placed in the data field of the {@link android.content.Intent Intent} when the user
* clicks a suggestion.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* </tbody>
* </table>
*
* <p><b>Additional metadata for search action keys.</b> For each action key that you would like to
* define, you'll need to add an additional element defining that key, and using the attributes
* discussed in <a href="#ActionKeys">Action Keys</a>. A simple example is shown here:
*
* <pre class="prettyprint"><actionkey
* android:keycode="KEYCODE_CALL"
* android:queryActionMsg="call"
* android:suggestActionMsg="call"
* android:suggestActionMsgColumn="call_column" /></pre>
*
* <p>Elements of search metadata that support search action keys. Note that although each of the
* action message elements are marked as <i>optional</i>, at least one must be present for the
* action key to have any effect.
*
* <table border="2" width="85%" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
*
* <thead>
* <tr><th>Attribute</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Required?</th></tr>
* </thead>
*
* <tbody>
* <tr><th>android:keycode</th>
* <td>This attribute denotes the action key you wish to respond to. Note that not
* all action keys are actually supported using this mechanism, as many of them are
* used for typing, navigation, or system functions. This will be added to the
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} intent that is passed to
* your searchable activity. To examine the key code, use
* {@link android.content.Intent#getIntExtra getIntExtra(SearchManager.ACTION_KEY)}.
* <p>Note, in addition to the keycode, you must also provide one or more of the action
* specifier attributes.</td>
* <td align="center">Yes</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:queryActionMsg</th>
* <td>If you wish to handle an action key during normal search query entry, you
* must define an action string here. This will be added to the
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} intent that is passed to your
* searchable activity. To examine the string, use
* {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra
* getStringExtra(SearchManager.ACTION_MSG)}.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:suggestActionMsg</th>
* <td>If you wish to handle an action key while a suggestion is being displayed <i>and
* selected</i>, there are two ways to handle this. If <i>all</i> of your suggestions
* can handle the action key, you can simply define the action message using this
* attribute. This will be added to the
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} intent that is passed to
* your searchable activity. To examine the string, use
* {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra
* getStringExtra(SearchManager.ACTION_MSG)}.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:suggestActionMsgColumn</th>
* <td>If you wish to handle an action key while a suggestion is being displayed <i>and
* selected</i>, but you do not wish to enable this action key for every suggestion,
* then you can use this attribute to control it on a suggestion-by-suggestion basis.
* First, you must define a column (and name it here) where your suggestions will
* include the action string. Then, in your content provider, you must provide this
* column, and when desired, provide data in this column.
* The search manager will look at your suggestion cursor, using the string
* provided here in order to select a column, and will use that to select a string from
* the cursor. That string will be added to the
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH} intent that is passed to
* your searchable activity. To examine the string, use
* {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra
* getStringExtra(SearchManager.ACTION_MSG)}. <i>If the data does not exist for the
* selection suggestion, the action key will be ignored.</i></td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* </tbody>
* </table>
*
* <p><b>Additional metadata for enabling voice search.</b> To enable voice search for your
* activity, you can add fields to the metadata that enable and configure voice search. When
* enabled (and available on the device), a voice search button will be displayed in the
* Search UI. Clicking this button will launch a voice search activity. When the user has
* finished speaking, the voice search phrase will be transcribed into text and presented to the
* searchable activity as if it were a typed query.
*
* <p>Elements of search metadata that support voice search:
* <table border="2" width="85%" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
*
* <thead>
* <tr><th>Attribute</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Required?</th></tr>
* </thead>
*
* <tr><th>android:voiceSearchMode</th>
* <td>If provided and non-zero, enables voice search. (Voice search may not be
* provided by the device, in which case these flags will have no effect.) The
* following mode bits are defined:
* <table border="2" align="center" frame="hsides" rules="rows">
* <tbody>
* <tr><th>showVoiceSearchButton</th>
* <td>If set, display a voice search button. This only takes effect if voice
* search is available on the device. If set, then launchWebSearch or
* launchRecognizer must also be set.</td>
* </tr>
* <tr><th>launchWebSearch</th>
* <td>If set, the voice search button will take the user directly to a
* built-in voice web search activity. Most applications will not use this
* flag, as it will take the user away from the activity in which search
* was invoked.</td>
* </tr>
* <tr><th>launchRecognizer</th>
* <td>If set, the voice search button will take the user directly to a
* built-in voice recording activity. This activity will prompt the user
* to speak, transcribe the spoken text, and forward the resulting query
* text to the searchable activity, just as if the user had typed it into
* the search UI and clicked the search button.</td>
* </tr>
* </tbody>
* </table></td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:voiceLanguageModel</th>
* <td>If provided, this specifies the language model that should be used by the voice
* recognition system.
* See {@link android.speech.RecognizerIntent#EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL}
* for more information. If not provided, the default value
* {@link android.speech.RecognizerIntent#LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM} will be used.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:voicePromptText</th>
* <td>If provided, this specifies a prompt that will be displayed during voice input.
* (If not provided, a default prompt will be displayed.)</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:voiceLanguage</th>
* <td>If provided, this specifies the spoken language to be expected. This is only
* needed if it is different from the current value of
* {@link java.util.Locale#getDefault()}.
* </td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* <tr><th>android:voiceMaxResults</th>
* <td>If provided, enforces the maximum number of results to return, including the "best"
* result which will always be provided as the SEARCH intent's primary query. Must be
* one or greater. Use {@link android.speech.RecognizerIntent#EXTRA_RESULTS}
* to get the results from the intent. If not provided, the recognizer will choose
* how many results to return.</td>
* <td align="center">No</td>
* </tr>
*
* </tbody>
* </table>
*
* <a name="PassingSearchContext"></a>
* <h3>Passing Search Context</h3>
*
* <p>In order to improve search experience, an application may wish to specify
* additional data along with the search, such as local history or context. For
* example, a maps search would be improved by including the current location.
* In order to simplify the structure of your activities, this can be done using
* the search manager.
*
* <p>Any data can be provided at the time the search is launched, as long as it
* can be stored in a {@link android.os.Bundle Bundle} object.
*
* <p>To pass application data into the Search Manager, you'll need to override
* {@link android.app.Activity#onSearchRequested onSearchRequested} as follows:
*
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* @Override
* public boolean onSearchRequested() {
* Bundle appData = new Bundle();
* appData.put...();
* appData.put...();
* startSearch(null, false, appData);
* return true;
* }</pre>
*
* <p>To receive application data from the Search Manager, you'll extract it from
* the {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH}
* {@link android.content.Intent Intent} as follows:
*
* <pre class="prettyprint">
* final Bundle appData = queryIntent.getBundleExtra(SearchManager.APP_DATA);
* if (appData != null) {
* appData.get...();
* appData.get...();
* }</pre>
*
* <a name="ProtectingUserPrivacy"></a>
* <h3>Protecting User Privacy</h3>
*
* <p>Many users consider their activities on the phone, including searches, to be private
* information. Applications that implement search should take steps to protect users' privacy
* wherever possible. This section covers two areas of concern, but you should consider your search
* design carefully and take any additional steps necessary.
*
* <p><b>Don't send personal information to servers, and if you do, don't log it.</b>
* "Personal information" is information that can personally identify your users, such as name,
* email address or billing information, or other data which can be reasonably linked to such
* information. If your application implements search with the assistance of a server, try to
* avoid sending personal information with your searches. For example, if you are searching for
* businesses near a zip code, you don't need to send the user ID as well - just send the zip code
* to the server. If you do need to send personal information, you should take steps to avoid
* logging it. If you must log it, you should protect that data very carefully, and erase it as
* soon as possible.
*
* <p><b>Provide the user with a way to clear their search history.</b> The Search Manager helps
* your application provide context-specific suggestions. Sometimes these suggestions are based
* on previous searches, or other actions taken by the user in an earlier session. A user may not
* wish for previous searches to be revealed to other users, for instance if they share their phone
* with a friend. If your application provides suggestions that can reveal previous activities,
* you should implement a "Clear History" menu, preference, or button. If you are using
* {@link android.provider.SearchRecentSuggestions}, you can simply call its
* {@link android.provider.SearchRecentSuggestions#clearHistory() clearHistory()} method from
* your "Clear History" UI. If you are implementing your own form of recent suggestions, you'll
* need to provide a similar a "clear history" API in your provider, and call it from your
* "Clear History" UI.
*/
public class SearchManager
implements DialogInterface.OnDismissListener, DialogInterface.OnCancelListener
{
/**
* This is a shortcut definition for the default menu key to use for invoking search.
*
* See Menu.Item.setAlphabeticShortcut() for more information.
*/
public final static char MENU_KEY = 's';
/**
* This is a shortcut definition for the default menu key to use for invoking search.
*
* See Menu.Item.setAlphabeticShortcut() for more information.
*/
public final static int MENU_KEYCODE = KeyEvent.KEYCODE_S;
/**
* Intent extra data key: Use this key with
* {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra
* content.Intent.getStringExtra()}
* to obtain the query string from Intent.ACTION_SEARCH.
*/
public final static String QUERY = "query";
/**
* Intent extra data key: Use this key with Intent.ACTION_SEARCH and
* {@link android.content.Intent#getBundleExtra
* content.Intent.getBundleExtra()}
* to obtain any additional app-specific data that was inserted by the
* activity that launched the search.
*/
public final static String APP_DATA = "app_data";
/**
* Intent app_data bundle key: Use this key with the bundle from
* {@link android.content.Intent#getBundleExtra
* content.Intent.getBundleExtra(APP_DATA)} to obtain the source identifier
* set by the activity that launched the search.
*
* @hide
*/
public final static String SOURCE = "source";
/**
* Intent extra data key: Use this key with Intent.ACTION_SEARCH and
* {@link android.content.Intent#getIntExtra content.Intent.getIntExtra()}
* to obtain the keycode that the user used to trigger this query. It will be zero if the
* user simply pressed the "GO" button on the search UI. This is primarily used in conjunction
* with the keycode attribute in the actionkey element of your searchable.xml configuration
* file.
*/
public final static String ACTION_KEY = "action_key";
/**
* Intent extra data key: Use this key with Intent.ACTION_SEARCH and
* {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra content.Intent.getStringExtra()}
* to obtain the action message that was defined for a particular search action key and/or
* suggestion. It will be null if the search was launched by typing "enter", touched the the
* "GO" button, or other means not involving any action key.
*/
public final static String ACTION_MSG = "action_msg";
/**
* Uri path for queried suggestions data. This is the path that the search manager
* will use when querying your content provider for suggestions data based on user input
* (e.g. looking for partial matches).
* Typically you'll use this with a URI matcher.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_URI_PATH_QUERY = "search_suggest_query";
/**
* MIME type for suggestions data. You'll use this in your suggestions content provider
* in the getType() function.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_MIME_TYPE =
"vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.android.search.suggest";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Unused - can be null or column can be omitted.</i>
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_FORMAT = "suggest_format";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Required.</i> This is the primary line of text that
* will be presented to the user as the suggestion.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1 = "suggest_text_1";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Optional.</i> If your cursor includes this column,
* then all suggestions will be provided in a two-line format. The second line of text is in
* a much smaller appearance.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_2 = "suggest_text_2";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Optional.</i> If your cursor includes this column,
* then all suggestions will be provided in format that includes space for two small icons,
* one at the left and one at the right of each suggestion. The data in the column must
* be a a resource ID for the icon you wish to have displayed. If you include this column,
* you must also include {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2}.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1 = "suggest_icon_1";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Optional.</i> If your cursor includes this column,
* then all suggestions will be provided in format that includes space for two small icons,
* one at the left and one at the right of each suggestion. The data in the column must
* be a a resource ID for the icon you wish to have displayed. If you include this column,
* you must also include {@link #SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_1}.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_ICON_2 = "suggest_icon_2";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Optional.</i> If this column exists <i>and</i>
* this element exists at the given row, this is the action that will be used when
* forming the suggestion's intent. If the element is not provided, the action will be taken
* from the android:searchSuggestIntentAction field in your XML metadata. <i>At least one of
* these must be present for the suggestion to generate an intent.</i> Note: If your action is
* the same for all suggestions, it is more efficient to specify it using XML metadata and omit
* it from the cursor.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_ACTION = "suggest_intent_action";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Optional.</i> If this column exists <i>and</i>
* this element exists at the given row, this is the data that will be used when
* forming the suggestion's intent. If the element is not provided, the data will be taken
* from the android:searchSuggestIntentData field in your XML metadata. If neither source
* is provided, the Intent's data field will be null. Note: If your data is
* the same for all suggestions, or can be described using a constant part and a specific ID,
* it is more efficient to specify it using XML metadata and omit it from the cursor.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA = "suggest_intent_data";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Optional.</i> If this column exists <i>and</i>
* this element exists at the given row, then "/" and this value will be appended to the data
* field in the Intent. This should only be used if the data field has already been set to an
* appropriate base string.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_DATA_ID = "suggest_intent_data_id";
/**
* Column name for suggestions cursor. <i>Required if action is
* {@link android.content.Intent#ACTION_SEARCH ACTION_SEARCH}, optional otherwise.</i> If this
* column exists <i>and</i> this element exists at the given row, this is the data that will be
* used when forming the suggestion's query.
*/
public final static String SUGGEST_COLUMN_QUERY = "suggest_intent_query";
private final Context mContext;
private final Handler mHandler;
private SearchDialog mSearchDialog;
private OnDismissListener mDismissListener = null;
private OnCancelListener mCancelListener = null;
/*package*/ SearchManager(Context context, Handler handler) {
mContext = context;
mHandler = handler;
}
private static ISearchManager mService;
static {
mService = ISearchManager.Stub.asInterface(
ServiceManager.getService(Context.SEARCH_SERVICE));
}
/**
* Launch search UI.
*
* <p>The search manager will open a search widget in an overlapping
* window, and the underlying activity may be obscured. The search
* entry state will remain in effect until one of the following events:
* <ul>
* <li>The user completes the search. In most cases this will launch
* a search intent.</li>
* <li>The user uses the back, home, or other keys to exit the search.</li>
* <li>The application calls the {@link #stopSearch}
* method, which will hide the search window and return focus to the
* activity from which it was launched.</li>
*
* <p>Most applications will <i>not</i> use this interface to invoke search.
* The primary method for invoking search is to call
* {@link android.app.Activity#onSearchRequested Activity.onSearchRequested()} or
* {@link android.app.Activity#startSearch Activity.startSearch()}.
*
* @param initialQuery A search string can be pre-entered here, but this
* is typically null or empty.
* @param selectInitialQuery If true, the intial query will be preselected, which means that
* any further typing will replace it. This is useful for cases where an entire pre-formed
* query is being inserted. If false, the selection point will be placed at the end of the
* inserted query. This is useful when the inserted query is text that the user entered,
* and the user would expect to be able to keep typing. <i>This parameter is only meaningful
* if initialQuery is a non-empty string.</i>
* @param launchActivity The ComponentName of the activity that has launched this search.
* @param appSearchData An application can insert application-specific
* context here, in order to improve quality or specificity of its own
* searches. This data will be returned with SEARCH intent(s). Null if
* no extra data is required.
* @param globalSearch If false, this will only launch the search that has been specifically
* defined by the application (which is usually defined as a local search). If no default
* search is defined in the current application or activity, no search will be launched.
* If true, this will always launch a platform-global (e.g. web-based) search instead.
*
* @see android.app.Activity#onSearchRequested
* @see #stopSearch
*/
public void startSearch(String initialQuery,
boolean selectInitialQuery,
ComponentName launchActivity,
Bundle appSearchData,
boolean globalSearch) {
if (mSearchDialog == null) {
mSearchDialog = new SearchDialog(mContext);
}
// activate the search manager and start it up!
mSearchDialog.show(initialQuery, selectInitialQuery, launchActivity, appSearchData,
globalSearch);
mSearchDialog.setOnCancelListener(this);
mSearchDialog.setOnDismissListener(this);
}
/**
* Terminate search UI.
*
* <p>Typically the user will terminate the search UI by launching a
* search or by canceling. This function allows the underlying application
* or activity to cancel the search prematurely (for any reason).
*
* <p>This function can be safely called at any time (even if no search is active.)
*
* @see #startSearch
*/
public void stopSearch() {
if (mSearchDialog != null) {
mSearchDialog.cancel();
}
}
/**
* Determine if the Search UI is currently displayed.
*
* This is provided primarily for application test purposes.
*
* @return Returns true if the search UI is currently displayed.
*
* @hide
*/
public boolean isVisible() {
if (mSearchDialog != null) {
return mSearchDialog.isShowing();
}
return false;
}
/**
* See {@link #setOnDismissListener} for configuring your activity to monitor search UI state.
*/
public interface OnDismissListener {
/**
* This method will be called when the search UI is dismissed. To make use if it, you must
* implement this method in your activity, and call {@link #setOnDismissListener} to
* register it.
*/
public void onDismiss();
}
/**
* See {@link #setOnCancelListener} for configuring your activity to monitor search UI state.
*/
public interface OnCancelListener {
/**
* This method will be called when the search UI is canceled. To make use if it, you must
* implement this method in your activity, and call {@link #setOnCancelListener} to
* register it.
*/
public void onCancel();
}
/**
* Set or clear the callback that will be invoked whenever the search UI is dismissed.
*
* @param listener The {@link OnDismissListener} to use, or null.
*/
public void setOnDismissListener(final OnDismissListener listener) {
mDismissListener = listener;
}
/**
* The callback from the search dialog when dismissed
* @hide
*/
public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {
if (dialog == mSearchDialog) {
if (mDismissListener != null) {
mDismissListener.onDismiss();
}
}
}
/**
* Set or clear the callback that will be invoked whenever the search UI is canceled.
*
* @param listener The {@link OnCancelListener} to use, or null.
*/
public void setOnCancelListener(final OnCancelListener listener) {
mCancelListener = listener;
}
/**
* The callback from the search dialog when canceled
* @hide
*/
public void onCancel(DialogInterface dialog) {
if (dialog == mSearchDialog) {
if (mCancelListener != null) {
mCancelListener.onCancel();
}
}
}
/**
* Save instance state so we can recreate after a rotation.
*
* @hide
*/
void saveSearchDialog(Bundle outState, String key) {
if (mSearchDialog != null && mSearchDialog.isShowing()) {
Bundle searchDialogState = mSearchDialog.onSaveInstanceState();
outState.putBundle(key, searchDialogState);
}
}
/**
* Restore instance state after a rotation.
*
* @hide
*/
void restoreSearchDialog(Bundle inState, String key) {
Bundle searchDialogState = inState.getBundle(key);
if (searchDialogState != null) {
if (mSearchDialog == null) {
mSearchDialog = new SearchDialog(mContext);
}
mSearchDialog.onRestoreInstanceState(searchDialogState);
}
}
/**
* Hook for updating layout on a rotation
*
* @hide
*/
void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
if (mSearchDialog != null && mSearchDialog.isShowing()) {
mSearchDialog.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
}
}
}
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