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package javax.persistence;
/**
* Interface used to interact with the persistence context.
*
* <p> An <code>EntityManager</code> instance is associated with
* a persistence context. A persistence context is a set of entity
* instances in which for any persistent entity identity there is
* a unique entity instance. Within the persistence context, the
* entity instances and their lifecycle are managed. This interface
* defines the methods that are used to interact with the
* persistence context. The <code>EntityManager</code> API is used
* to create and remove persistent entity instances, to find entities
* by their primary key, and to query over entities.
*
* <p> The set of entities that can be managed by a given
* <code>EntityManager</code> instance is defined by a persistence
* unit. A persistence unit defines the set of all classes that are
* related or grouped by the application, and which must be
* colocated in their mapping to a single database.
*
* @since Java Persistence 1.0
*/
public interface EntityManager {
/**
* Make an entity instance managed and persistent.
* @param entity
* @throws EntityExistsException if the entity already exists.
* (The EntityExistsException may be thrown when the persist
* operation is invoked, or the EntityExistsException or
* another PersistenceException may be thrown at flush or commit
* time.)
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if not an entity
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if invoked on a
* container-managed entity manager of type
* PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION and there is
* no transaction.
*/
public void persist(Object entity);
/**
* Merge the state of the given entity into the
* current persistence context.
* @param entity
* @return the instance that the state was merged to
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if instance is not an
* entity or is a removed entity
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if invoked on a
* container-managed entity manager of type
* PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION and there is
* no transaction.
*/
public <T> T merge(T entity);
/**
* Remove the entity instance.
* @param entity
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if not an entity
* or if a detached entity
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if invoked on a
* container-managed entity manager of type
* PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION and there is
* no transaction.
*/
public void remove(Object entity);
/**
* Find by primary key.
* @param entityClass
* @param primaryKey
* @return the found entity instance or null
* if the entity does not exist
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the first argument does
* not denote an entity type or the second
* argument is not a valid type for that
* entity's primary key
*/
public <T> T find(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey);
/**
* Get an instance, whose state may be lazily fetched.
* If the requested instance does not exist in the database,
* throws {@link EntityNotFoundException} when the instance state is
* first accessed. (The persistence provider runtime is permitted to throw
* {@link EntityNotFoundException} when {@link #getReference} is called.)
*
* The application should not expect that the instance state will
* be available upon detachment, unless it was accessed by the
* application while the entity manager was open.
* @param entityClass
* @param primaryKey
* @return the found entity instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the first argument does
* not denote an entity type or the second
* argument is not a valid type for that
* entity's primary key
* @throws EntityNotFoundException if the entity state
* cannot be accessed
*/
public <T> T getReference(Class<T> entityClass, Object primaryKey);
/**
* Synchronize the persistence context to the
* underlying database.
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if there is
* no transaction
* @throws PersistenceException if the flush fails
*/
public void flush();
/**
* Set the flush mode that applies to all objects contained
* in the persistence context.
* @param flushMode
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public void setFlushMode(FlushModeType flushMode);
/**
* Get the flush mode that applies to all objects contained
* in the persistence context.
* @return flush mode
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public FlushModeType getFlushMode();
/**
* Set the lock mode for an entity object contained
* in the persistence context.
* @param entity
* @param lockMode
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws PersistenceException if an unsupported lock call
* is made
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the instance is not
* an entity or is a detached entity
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if there is no
* transaction
*/
public void lock(Object entity, LockModeType lockMode);
/**
* Refresh the state of the instance from the database,
* overwriting changes made to the entity, if any.
* @param entity
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if not an entity
* or entity is not managed
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if invoked on a
* container-managed entity manager of type
* PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION and there is
* no transaction.
* @throws EntityNotFoundException if the entity no longer
* exists in the database.
*/
public void refresh(Object entity);
/**
* Clear the persistence context, causing all managed
* entities to become detached. Changes made to entities that
* have not been flushed to the database will not be
* persisted.
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public void clear();
/**
* Check if the instance belongs to the current persistence
* context.
* @param entity
* @return <code>true</code> if the instance belongs to
* the current persistence context.
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if not an entity
*/
public boolean contains(Object entity);
/**
* Create an instance of Query for executing a
* Java Persistence query language statement.
* @param qlString a Java Persistence query language query string
* @return the new query instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if query string is not valid
*/
public Query createQuery(String qlString);
/**
* Create an instance of Query for executing a
* named query (in the Java Persistence query language or in native SQL).
* @param name the name of a query defined in metadata
* @return the new query instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if a query has not been
* defined with the given name
*/
public Query createNamedQuery(String name);
/**
* Create an instance of Query for executing
* a native SQL statement, e.g., for update or delete.
* @param sqlString a native SQL query string
* @return the new query instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString);
/**
* Create an instance of Query for executing
* a native SQL query.
* @param sqlString a native SQL query string
* @param resultClass the class of the resulting instance(s)
* @return the new query instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString, Class resultClass);
/**
* Create an instance of Query for executing
* a native SQL query.
* @param sqlString a native SQL query string
* @param resultSetMapping the name of the result set mapping
* @return the new query instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public Query createNativeQuery(String sqlString, String resultSetMapping);
/**
* Indicate to the EntityManager that a JTA transaction is
* active. This method should be called on a JTA application
* managed EntityManager that was created outside the scope
* of the active transaction to associate it with the current
* JTA transaction.
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
* @throws TransactionRequiredException if there is
* no transaction.
*/
public void joinTransaction();
/**
* Return the underlying provider object for the EntityManager,
* if available. The result of this method is implementation
* specific.
* @throws IllegalStateException if this EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public Object getDelegate();
/**
* Close an application-managed EntityManager.
* After the close method has been invoked, all methods
* on the EntityManager instance and any Query objects obtained
* from it will throw the IllegalStateException except
* for getTransaction and isOpen (which will return false).
* If this method is called when the EntityManager is
* associated with an active transaction, the persistence
* context remains managed until the transaction completes.
* @throws IllegalStateException if the EntityManager
* is container-managed or has been already closed..
*/
public void close();
/**
* Determine whether the EntityManager is open.
* @return true until the EntityManager has been closed.
*/
public boolean isOpen();
/**
* Returns the resource-level transaction object.
* The EntityTransaction instance may be used serially to
* begin and commit multiple transactions.
* @return EntityTransaction instance
* @throws IllegalStateException if invoked on a JTA
* EntityManager.
*/
public EntityTransaction getTransaction();
}
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