/*
* @(#)ToneControl.java 1.14 02/07/24 @(#)
*
* Copyright (c) 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
* PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL
* Use is subject to license terms.
*/
package javax.microedition.media.control;
import javax.microedition.media.MediaException;
/**
* <code>ToneControl</code> is the interface to enable playback of a
* user-defined monotonic tone sequence.
* <p>
* A tone sequence is specified as a list of tone-duration pairs and
* user-defined sequence blocks. The list is packaged as an
* array of bytes. The <code>setSequence</code> method is used to
* input the sequence to the <code>ToneControl</code>.
* <p>
* The syntax of a tone sequence is described in
* <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2234">Augmented BNF</a> notations:
* <blockquote>
* <pre>
* sequence = version *1tempo_definition *1resolution_definition
* *block_definition 1*sequence_event
*
* version = VERSION version_number
* VERSION = byte-value
* version_number = 1 ; version # 1
*
* tempo_definition = TEMPO tempo_modifier
* TEMPO = byte-value
* tempo_modifier = byte-value
* ; multiply by 4 to get the tempo (in bpm) used
* ; in the sequence.
*
* resolution_definition = RESOLUTION resolution_unit
* RESOLUTION = byte-value
* resolution_unit = byte-value
*
* block_definition = BLOCK_START block_number
* 1*sequence_event
* BLOCK_END block_number
* BLOCK_START = byte-value
* BLOCK_END = byte-value
* block_number = byte-value
* ; block_number specified in BLOCK_END has to be the
* ; same as the one in BLOCK_START
*
* sequence_event = tone_event / block_event /
* volume_event / repeat_event
*
* tone_event = note duration
* note = byte-value ; note to be played
* duration = byte-value ; duration of the note
*
* block_event = PLAY_BLOCK block_number
* PLAY_BLOCK = byte-value
* block_number = byte-value
* ; block_number must be previously defined
* ; by a full block_definition
*
* volume_event = SET_VOLUME volume
* SET_VOLUME = byte-value
* volume = byte-value ; new volume
*
* repeat_event = REPEAT multiplier tone_event
* REPEAT = byte-value
* multiplier = byte-value
* ; number of times to repeat a tone
*
* byte-value = -128 - 127
* ; the value of each constant and additional
* ; constraints on each parameter are specified below.
* </pre>
* </blockquote>
*
* <A HREF="#VERSION"><code>VERSION</code></A>,
* <A HREF="#TEMPO"><code>TEMPO</code></A>,
* <A HREF="#RESOLUTION"><code>RESOLUTION</code></A>,
* <A HREF="#BLOCK_START"><code>BLOCK_START</code></A>,
* <A HREF="#BLOCK_END"><code>BLOCK_END</code></A>,
* <A HREF="#PLAY_BLOCK"><code>PLAY_BLOCK</code></A>
* <A HREF="#SET_VOLUME"><code>SET_VOLUME</code></A>
* <A HREF="#REPEAT"><code>REPEAT</code></A>
* are pre-defined constants.
* <p>
* Following table shows the valid range of the parameters:
* <blockquote>
* <table border=1>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">Parameter</td>
* <td align="center">Valid Range</td>
* <td align="center">Effective Range</td>
* <td align="center">Default</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>tempo_modifier</code></td>
* <td align="center">5<= <code>tempo_modifier</code> <= 127 </td>
* <td align="center">20bpm to 508bpm</td>
* <td align="center">120bpm</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>resolution_unit</code></td>
* <td align="center">1<= <code>resolution_unit</code> <= 127 </td>
* <td align="center">1/1 note to 1/127 note</td>
* <td align="center">1/64 note</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>block_number</code></td>
* <td align="center">0<= <code>block_number</code> <= 127</td>
* <td align="center"> - </td>
* <td align="center"> - </td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>note</code></td>
* <td align="center">0<= <code>note</code> <= 127 or
* <A HREF="#SILENCE"<code>SILENCE</code></a></td>
* <td align="center">C-1 to G9 or rest</td>
* <td align="center"> - </td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>duration</code></td>
* <td align="center">1<= <code>duration</code> <= 127 </td>
* <td align="center"> - </td>
* <td align="center"> - </td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>volume</code></td>
* <td align="center">0<= <code>volume</code> <= 100 </td>
* <td align="center">0% to 100% volume</td>
* <td align="center">100%</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td><code>multiplier</code></td>
* <td align="center">2<= <code>multiplier</code> <= 127 </td>
* <td align="center"> - </td>
* <td align="center"> - </td></tr>
* </table> <br>
* </blockquote>
*
* The frequency
* of the note can be calculated from the following formula:
* <pre>
* SEMITONE_CONST = 17.31234049066755 = 1/(ln(2^(1/12)))
* note = ln(freq/8.176)*SEMITONE_CONST
* </pre>
* The musical note A = note 69 (0x45) = 440 Hz. <br>
* <A HREF="#C4">Middle C (C4)</A> and
* <A HREF="#SILENCE">SILENCE</A> are defined as constants.
* <p>
* The duration of each tone is measured in units of 1/resolution notes
* and tempo is specified in beats/minute, where 1 beat = 1/4 note.
* Because the range of positive values of <code>byte</code> is only 1 - 127,
* the tempo is
* formed by multiplying the tempo modifier by 4. Very slow tempos
* are excluded so range of tempo modifiers is 5 - 127 providing an
* effective range of 20 - 508 bpm.
* <p>
* To compute the effective duration in milliseconds for a tone,
* the following formula can be used:
* <pre>
* duration * 60 * 1000 * 4 / (resolution * tempo)
* </pre>
*
* The following table lists some common durations in musical notes:
* <blockquote>
* <table border=1>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">Note Length</td>
* <td align="center">Duration, Resolution=64</td>
* <td align="center">Duration, Resolution=96</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">1/1</td>
* <td align="center">64</td>
* <td align="center">96</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">1/4</td>
* <td align="center">16</td>
* <td align="center">24</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">1/4 dotted</td>
* <td align="center">24</td>
* <td align="center">36</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">1/8</td>
* <td align="center">8</td>
* <td align="center">12</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">1/8 triplets</td>
* <td align="center">-</td>
* <td align="center">8</td></tr>
* <tr>
* <td align="center">4/1</td>
* <td align="center"><code>REPEAT</code> 4 <note> 64</td>
* <td align="center"><code>REPEAT</code> 4 <note> 96</td>
* </table>
* </blockquote>
*
* <h2>Example</h2>
* <blockquote>
* <pre>
* // "Mary Had A Little Lamb" has "ABAC" structure.
* // Use block to repeat "A" section.
*
* byte tempo = 30; // set tempo to 120 bpm
* byte d = 8; // eighth-note
*
* byte C4 = ToneControl.C4;;
* byte D4 = (byte)(C4 + 2); // a whole step
* byte E4 = (byte)(C4 + 4); // a major third
* byte G4 = (byte)(C4 + 7); // a fifth
* byte rest = ToneControl.SILENCE; // rest
*
* byte[] mySequence = {
* ToneControl.VERSION, 1, // version 1
* ToneControl.TEMPO, tempo, // set tempo
* ToneControl.BLOCK_START, 0, // start define "A" section
* E4,d, D4,d, C4,d, E4,d, // content of "A" section
* E4,d, E4,d, E4,d, rest,d,
* ToneControl.BLOCK_END, 0, // end define "A" section
* ToneControl.PLAY_BLOCK, 0, // play "A" section
* D4,d, D4,d, D4,d, rest,d, // play "B" section
* E4,d, G4,d, G4,d, rest,d,
* ToneControl.PLAY_BLOCK, 0, // repeat "A" section
* D4,d, D4,d, E4,d, D4,d, C4,d // play "C" section
* };
*
* try{
* Player p = Manager.createPlayer(Manager.TONE_DEVICE_LOCATOR);
* p.realize();
* ToneControl c = (ToneControl)p.getControl("ToneControl");
* c.setSequence(mySequence);
* p.start();
* } catch (IOException ioe) {
* } catch (MediaException me) { }
*
* </pre>
* </blockquote>
*
*/
public interface ToneControl extends javax.microedition.media.Control {
/**
* The VERSION attribute tag.
* <p>
* Value -2 is assigned to <code>VERSION</code>.
*/
byte VERSION = -2;
/**
* The TEMPO event tag.
* <p>
* Value -3 is assigned to <code>TEMPO</code>.
*/
byte TEMPO = -3;
/**
* The RESOLUTION event tag.
* <p>
* Value -4 is assigned to <code>RESOLUTION</code>.
*/
byte RESOLUTION = -4;
/**
* Defines a starting point for a block.
* <p>
* Value -5 is assigned to <code>BLOCK_START</code>.
*/
byte BLOCK_START = -5;
/**
* Defines an ending point for a block.
* <p>
* Value -6 is assigned to <code>BLOCK_END</code>.
*/
byte BLOCK_END = -6;
/**
* Play a defined block.
* <p>
* Value -7 is assigned to <code>PLAY_BLOCK</code>.
*/
byte PLAY_BLOCK = -7;
/**
* The SET_VOLUME event tag.
* <p>
* Value -8 is assigned to <code>SET_VOLUME</code>.
*/
byte SET_VOLUME = -8;
/**
* The REPEAT event tag.
* <p>
* Value -9 is assigned to <code>REPEAT</code>.
*/
byte REPEAT = -9;
/**
* Middle C.
* <p>
* Value 60 is assigned to <code>C4</code>.
*/
byte C4 = 60;
/**
* Silence.
* <p>
* Value -1 is assigned to <code>SILENCE</code>.
*/
byte SILENCE = -1;
/**
* Sets the tone sequence.<p>
*
* @param sequence The sequence to set.
* @exception IllegalArgumentException Thrown if the sequence is
* <code>null</code> or invalid.
* @exception IllegalStateException Thrown if the <code>Player</code>
* that this control belongs to is in the <i>PREFETCHED</i> or
* <i>STARTED</i> state.
*/
void setSequence(byte[] sequence);
}
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